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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-22074: ksmbd: fix r_count dec/increment mismatch

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.52% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 20378cf48359f39dee0ef9b61470ebe77bd49c0d, 457db486203c90e10c3efc87fd45cc7000b1cd36, 4790bcb269e5d6d88200a67c54ae6d627332a3be.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 8.8, NVD 5.5.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 20378cf48359f39dee0ef9b61470ebe77bd49c0d, 457db486203c90e10c3efc87fd45cc7000b1cd36, 4790bcb269e5d6d88200a67c54ae6d627332a3be or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: fix r_count dec/increment mismatch r_count is only increased when there is an oplock break wait, so r_count inc/decrement are not paired. This can cause r_count to become negative, which can lead to a problem where the ksmbd thread does not terminate.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Apr 16, 2025
Updated
Oct 30, 2026
EPSS
0.5% · 44th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.5%

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
5.5
CNA · Linux
8.8
3.3 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-22074

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel6.6.84 and later · before 6.6.87
  • linux linux kernel6.12.20 and later · before 6.12.23
  • linux linux kernel6.13.8 and later · before 6.13.11
  • linux linux kernel6.14
  • linux linux kernel6.14.1

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 6.14affected
    • 8e6508c7ecb1802909f294827eff38f301d0c937 and later · before 8829849da3f68697b830a5b36047b0d8a50ae3edaffected · git
    • 09aeab68033161cb54f194da93e51a11aee6144b and later · before 4790bcb269e5d6d88200a67c54ae6d627332a3beaffected · git
    • a4261bbc33fbf99b99c80aa3a2c5097611802980 and later · before 457db486203c90e10c3efc87fd45cc7000b1cd36affected · git
    • f17d1c63a76b0fe8e9c78023a86507a3a6d62cfa and later · before 20378cf48359f39dee0ef9b61470ebe77bd49c0daffected · git
    • 3aa660c059240e0c795217182cf7df32909dd917 and later · before c2ec33d46b4d1c8085dab5d02e00b21f4f0fb8a9affected · git
    • 3aa660c059240e0c795217182cf7df32909dd917 and later · before ddb7ea36ba7129c2ed107e2186591128618864e1affected · git
    • 6.6.84 and later · before 6.6.87affected · semver
    • 6.12.20 and later · before 6.12.23affected · semver
    • 6.13.8 and later · before 6.13.11affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.25-16.12.25-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-22062Apr 16, 2025 · sctp: add mutual exclusion in proc_sctp_do_udp_port()
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-22070Apr 16, 2025 · fs/9p: fix NULL pointer dereference on mkdir
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-22075Apr 16, 2025 · rtnetlink: Allocate vfinfo size for VF GUIDs when supported
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux20378cf48359f39dee0ef9b61470ebe77bd49c0dVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux457db486203c90e10c3efc87fd45cc7000b1cd36Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux4790bcb269e5d6d88200a67c54ae6d627332a3beVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.12.23Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.13.11Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.6.87Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux8829849da3f68697b830a5b36047b0d8a50ae3edVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxc2ec33d46b4d1c8085dab5d02e00b21f4f0fb8a9Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxddb7ea36ba7129c2ed107e2186591128618864e1Vendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.12.25-1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (5 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records