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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-21845: mtd: spi-nor: sst: Fix SST write failure

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.26% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 539bd20352832b9244238a055eb169ccf1c41ff6, 9553391f32f8c43e12fc7c04e1035160b5ea20bf, bb1accc7e0f688886f0c634f2e878b8ac4ee6a58.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 539bd20352832b9244238a055eb169ccf1c41ff6, 9553391f32f8c43e12fc7c04e1035160b5ea20bf, bb1accc7e0f688886f0c634f2e878b8ac4ee6a58 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mtd: spi-nor: sst: Fix SST write failure 'commit 18bcb4aa54ea ("mtd: spi-nor: sst: Factor out common write operation to `sst_nor_write_data()`")' introduced a bug where only one byte of data is written, regardless of the number of bytes passed to sst_nor_write_data(), causing a kernel crash during the write operation. Ensure the correct number of bytes are written as passed to sst_nor_write_data(). Call trace: [ 57.400180] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 57.404842] While writing 2 byte written 1 bytes [ 57.409493] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 737 at drivers/mtd/spi-nor/sst.c:187 sst_nor_write_data+0x6c/0x74 [ 57.418464] Modules linked in: [ 57.421517] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 737 Comm: mtd_debug Not tainted 6.12.0-g5ad04afd91f9 #30 [ 57.429517] Hardware name: Xilinx Versal A2197 Processor board revA - x-prc-02 revA (DT) [ 57.437600] pstate: 60000005 (nZCv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) [ 57.444557] pc : sst_nor_write_data+0x6c/0x74 [ 57.448911] lr : sst_nor_write_data+0x6c/0x74 [ 57.453264] sp : ffff80008232bb40 [ 57.456570] x29: ffff80008232bb40 x28: 0000000000010000 x27: 0000000000000001 [ 57.463708] x26: 000000000000ffff x25: 0000000000000000 x24: 0000000000000000 [ 57.470843] x23: 0000000000010000 x22: ffff80008232bbf0 x21: ffff000816230000 [ 57.477978] x20: ffff0008056c0080 x19: 0000000000000002 x18: 0000000000000006 [ 57.485112] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: ffff80008232b580 [ 57.492246] x14: 0000000000000000 x13: ffff8000816d1530 x12: 00000000000004a4 [ 57.499380] x11: 000000000000018c x10: ffff8000816fd530 x9 : ffff8000816d1530 [ 57.506515] x8 : 00000000fffff7ff x7 : ffff8000816fd530 x6 : 0000000000000001 [ 57.513649] x5 : 0000000000000000 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : 0000000000000000 [ 57.520782] x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : ffff0008049b0000 [ 57.527916] Call trace: [ 57.530354] sst_nor_write_data+0x6c/0x74 [ 57.534361] sst_nor_write+0xb4/0x18c [ 57.538019] mtd_write_oob_std+0x7c/0x88 [ 57.541941] mtd_write_oob+0x70/0xbc [ 57.545511] mtd_write+0x68/0xa8 [ 57.548733] mtdchar_write+0x10c/0x290 [ 57.552477] vfs_write+0xb4/0x3a8 [ 57.555791] ksys_write+0x74/0x10c [ 57.559189] __arm64_sys_write+0x1c/0x28 [ 57.563109] invoke_syscall+0x54/0x11c [ 57.566856] el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0xc0/0xe0 [ 57.571557] do_el0_svc+0x1c/0x28 [ 57.574868] el0_svc+0x30/0xcc [ 57.577921] el0t_64_sync_handler+0x120/0x12c [ 57.582276] el0t_64_sync+0x190/0x194 [ 57.585933] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [pratyush@kernel.org: add Cc stable tag]

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Mar 12, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 17th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

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  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
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  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel6.12 and later · before 6.12.17
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.13.5
  • linux linux kernel6.14

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 6.12affected
    • b925a5787b6e1d05731eb2dcc31dcaafc40ec2b6 and later · before f791837015a0d20f584d0ed368393f119a00018faffected · git
    • b7cd63d13faef7ca5cf31ffa45ebf08829e4c9a7 and later · before f7c14993dc2f1eca661975c0ff90a6e2098ecd41affected · git
    • 18bcb4aa54eab75dce41e5c176a1c2bff94f0f79 and later · before bb1accc7e0f688886f0c634f2e878b8ac4ee6a58affected · git
    • 18bcb4aa54eab75dce41e5c176a1c2bff94f0f79 and later · before 9553391f32f8c43e12fc7c04e1035160b5ea20bfaffected · git
    • 18bcb4aa54eab75dce41e5c176a1c2bff94f0f79 and later · before 539bd20352832b9244238a055eb169ccf1c41ff6affected · git
    • before 6.12not affected · semver
    • 6.12.17 and later · up to and including 6.12.*not affected · semver
    • 6.13.5 and later · up to and including 6.13.*not affected · semver
    • 6.14 and laternot affected · original_commit_for_fix

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.17-16.12.17-1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_20before 1-150700.15.3.21-150700.15.3.2
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_19before 1-150700.1.5.11-150700.1.5.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-64kbbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.78.16.4.0-150700.53.78.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-defaultbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.78.16.4.0-150700.53.78.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-default-basebefore 6.4.0-150700.53.78.1.150700.17.43.26.4.0-150700.53.78.1.150700.17.43.2
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-sourcebefore 6.4.0-150700.53.78.16.4.0-150700.53.78.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-zfcpdumpbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.78.16.4.0-150700.53.78.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7kernel-docsbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.78.16.4.0-150700.53.78.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7kernel-obs-buildbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.78.16.4.0-150700.53.78.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7kernel-symsbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.78.16.4.0-150700.53.78.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP7kernel-azurebefore 6.4.0-150700.53.78.16.4.0-150700.53.78.1
SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1kernel-defaultbefore 6.4.0-51.16.4.0-51.1
SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1kernel-kvmsmallbefore 6.4.0-51.16.4.0-51.1
SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1kernel-rtbefore 6.4.0-51.16.4.0-51.1
SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1kernel-sourcebefore 6.4.0-51.16.4.0-51.1
SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1kernel-source-rtbefore 6.4.0-51.16.4.0-51.1
SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP7kernel-rtbefore 6.4.0-150700.7.72.16.4.0-150700.7.72.1
SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP7kernel-source-rtbefore 6.4.0-150700.7.72.16.4.0-150700.7.72.1
SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP7kernel-syms-rtbefore 6.4.0-150700.7.72.16.4.0-150700.7.72.1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-58088Mar 12, 2025 · bpf: Fix deadlock when freeing cgroup storage
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-58089Mar 12, 2025 · btrfs: fix double accounting race when btrfs_run_delalloc_range() failed
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-21847Mar 12, 2025 · ASoC: SOF: stream-ipc: Check for cstream nullity in sof_ipc_msg_data()
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux539bd20352832b9244238a055eb169ccf1c41ff6Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux9553391f32f8c43e12fc7c04e1035160b5ea20bfVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxbb1accc7e0f688886f0c634f2e878b8ac4ee6a58Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxf791837015a0d20f584d0ed368393f119a00018fVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxf7c14993dc2f1eca661975c0ff90a6e2098ecd41Vendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.12.17-1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-64kb6.4.0-150700.53.78.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default6.4.0-51.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default-base6.4.0-150700.53.78.1.150700.17.43.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-docs6.4.0-150700.53.78.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-kvmsmall6.4.0-51.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_201-150700.15.3.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-obs-build6.4.0-150700.53.78.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-rt6.4.0-51.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source6.4.0-51.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source-rt6.4.0-51.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-syms6.4.0-150700.53.78.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-zfcpdump6.4.0-150700.53.78.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (4 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records