CVE-2025-21791: vrf: use RCU protection in l3mdev_l3_out()

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

• linux linux kernel4.9 and later · before 6.1.129
• linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.79
• linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.16
• linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.13.4
• linux linux kernel6.14

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

• Linux Linux

  • 4.9affected
  • a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 and later · before 6ccaa5797f5362a2aad6baa6ddaf4715ac2dd51eaffected · git
  • a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 and later · before 20a3489b396764cc9376e32a9172bee26a89dc3baffected · git
  • a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 and later · before 5bb4228c32261d06e4fbece37ec3828bcc005b6baffected · git
  • a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 and later · before c7574740be8ce68a57d0aece24987b9be2114c3caffected · git
  • a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 and later · before c40cb5c03e37552d6eff963187109e2c3f78ef6faffected · git
  • a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 and later · before 022cac1c693add610ae76ede03adf4d9d5a2cf21affected · git
  • a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 and later · before 7b81425b517accefd46bee854d94954f5c57e019affected · git
  • a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 and later · before 6d0ce46a93135d96b7fa075a94a88fe0da8e8773affected · git
  • before 4.9not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

• CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
  90Now
• CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
  89Now
• CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
  85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

• ← EarlierCVE-2025-21787Feb 27, 2025 · team: better TEAM_OPTION_TYPE_STRING validation
  22Monitor
• ← EarlierCVE-2025-21790Feb 27, 2025 · vxlan: check vxlan_vnigroup_init() return value
  22Monitor
• Later →CVE-2025-21795Feb 27, 2025 · NFSD: fix hang in nfsd4_shutdown_callback
  22Monitor

Root cause

After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

1free(dev->buf);2/* ... another thread is still running ... */3process(dev->buf);

1lock(&dev->lock);2free(dev->buf);3dev->buf = NULL;4unlock(&dev->lock);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.