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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-21781: batman-adv: fix panic during interface removal

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.22% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 072b2787321903287a126c148e8db87dd7ef96fe, 167422a07096a6006599067c8b55884064fa0b72, 2c3fb7df4cc6d043f70d4a8a10f8b915bbfb75e7.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 072b2787321903287a126c148e8db87dd7ef96fe, 167422a07096a6006599067c8b55884064fa0b72, 2c3fb7df4cc6d043f70d4a8a10f8b915bbfb75e7 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: batman-adv: fix panic during interface removal Reference counting is used to ensure that batadv_hardif_neigh_node and batadv_hard_iface are not freed before/during batadv_v_elp_throughput_metric_update work is finished. But there isn't a guarantee that the hard if will remain associated with a soft interface up until the work is finished. This fixes a crash triggered by reboot that looks like this: Call trace: batadv_v_mesh_free+0xd0/0x4dc [batman_adv] batadv_v_elp_throughput_metric_update+0x1c/0xa4 process_one_work+0x178/0x398 worker_thread+0x2e8/0x4d0 kthread+0xd8/0xdc ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 (the batadv_v_mesh_free call is misleading, and does not actually happen) I was able to make the issue happen more reliably by changing hardif_neigh->bat_v.metric_work work to be delayed work. This allowed me to track down and confirm the fix. [sven@narfation.org: prevent entering batadv_v_elp_get_throughput without soft_iface]

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Feb 26, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 13th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

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  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel4.6 and later · before 5.4.291
  • linux linux kernel5.5 and later · before 5.10.235
  • linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.179
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.129
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.79
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.16
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.13.4
  • linux linux kernel6.14

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 4.6affected
    • c833484e5f3872a38fe232c663586069d5ad9645 and later · before 167422a07096a6006599067c8b55884064fa0b72affected · git
    • c833484e5f3872a38fe232c663586069d5ad9645 and later · before ce3f1545bf8fa28bd05ec113679e8e6cd23af577affected · git
    • c833484e5f3872a38fe232c663586069d5ad9645 and later · before f0a16c6c79768180333f3e41ce63f32730e3c3afaffected · git
    • c833484e5f3872a38fe232c663586069d5ad9645 and later · before 7eb5dd201695645af071592a50026eb780081a72affected · git
    • c833484e5f3872a38fe232c663586069d5ad9645 and later · before 072b2787321903287a126c148e8db87dd7ef96feaffected · git
    • c833484e5f3872a38fe232c663586069d5ad9645 and later · before 2c3fb7df4cc6d043f70d4a8a10f8b915bbfb75e7affected · git
    • c833484e5f3872a38fe232c663586069d5ad9645 and later · before 522b1596ea19e327853804da2de60aeb9c5d6f42affected · git
    • c833484e5f3872a38fe232c663586069d5ad9645 and later · before ccb7276a6d26d6f8416e315b43b45e15ee7f29e2affected · git
    • before 4.6not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.129-16.1.129-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.16-16.12.16-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe…KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-21777Feb 26, 2025 · ring-buffer: Validate the persistent meta data subbuf array
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-21778Feb 26, 2025 · tracing: Do not allow mmap() of persistent ring buffer
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-21782Feb 26, 2025 · orangefs: fix a oob in orangefs_debug_write
    28Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux072b2787321903287a126c148e8db87dd7ef96feVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux167422a07096a6006599067c8b55884064fa0b72Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux2c3fb7df4cc6d043f70d4a8a10f8b915bbfb75e7Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux522b1596ea19e327853804da2de60aeb9c5d6f42Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux7eb5dd201695645af071592a50026eb780081a72Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxccb7276a6d26d6f8416e315b43b45e15ee7f29e2Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxce3f1545bf8fa28bd05ec113679e8e6cd23af577Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxf0a16c6c79768180333f3e41ce63f32730e3c3afVendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.1.129-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (9 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records