CVE-2024-7528· NVD / CVE Program· CNA mozilla

Incorrect garbage collection interaction in IndexedDB could have led to a use-after-free.

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 35/100)

The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.51% (FIRST EPSS).
Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. A user must open a link or visit a page. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
Fixed version: firefox (AlmaLinux:8) 115.14.0-2.el8_10.alma.1; thunderbird (AlmaLinux:8) 115.14.0-1.el8_10.alma.1; firefox (AlmaLinux:9) 115.14.0-2.el9_4.alma.1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to firefox (AlmaLinux:8) 115.14.0-2.el8_10.alma.1; thunderbird (AlmaLinux:8) 115.14.0-1.el8_10.alma.1; firefox (AlmaLinux:9) 115.14.0-2.el9_4.alma.1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Incorrect garbage collection interaction in IndexedDB could have led to a use-after-free. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 129, Firefox ESR < 128.1, and Thunderbird < 128.1.

HighCVSS 8.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Published: Aug 6, 2024
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 0.5% · 43th percentile
CWE: CWE-416

Report tools

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Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 35 / 40 · 8.8 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 0.5%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
No public exploit code on record
A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
mozilla	firefox	cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox
mozilla	firefox esr	cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox_esr
mozilla	thunderbird	cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

mozilla firefoxbefore 129.0
mozilla firefox esrbefore 128.1.0
mozilla thunderbirdbefore 128.1.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (mozilla). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

Mozilla Firefox
- unspecified and later · before 129affected
Mozilla Firefox ESR
- unspecified and later · before 128.1affected
Mozilla Thunderbird
- unspecified and later · before 128.1affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Ecosystem	Package	Affected range	Fix
AlmaLinux:8	firefox	before 115.14.0-2.el8_10.alma.1	115.14.0-2.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8	thunderbird	before 115.14.0-1.el8_10.alma.1	115.14.0-1.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:9	firefox	before 115.14.0-2.el9_4.alma.1	115.14.0-2.el9_4.alma.1
AlmaLinux:9	firefox-x11	before 115.14.0-2.el9_4.alma.1	115.14.0-2.el9_4.alma.1
AlmaLinux:9	thunderbird	before 115.14.0-1.el9_4.alma.1	115.14.0-1.el9_4.alma.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweed	MozillaFirefox	before 129.0-1.1	129.0-1.1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	firefox	before 0:115.14.0-2.el8_10	0:115.14.0-2.el8_10
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	firefox-debuginfo	before 0:115.14.0-2.el8_10	0:115.14.0-2.el8_10
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	firefox-debugsource	before 0:115.14.0-2.el8_10	0:115.14.0-2.el8_10
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	thunderbird	before 0:115.14.0-1.el8_10	0:115.14.0-1.el8_10
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	thunderbird-debuginfo	before 0:115.14.0-1.el8_10	0:115.14.0-1.el8_10
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	thunderbird-debugsource	before 0:115.14.0-1.el8_10	0:115.14.0-1.el8_10
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	firefox	before 0:115.14.0-2.el9_4	0:115.14.0-2.el9_4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	firefox-debuginfo	before 0:115.14.0-2.el9_4	0:115.14.0-2.el9_4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	firefox-debugsource	before 0:115.14.0-2.el9_4	0:115.14.0-2.el9_4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	firefox-x11	before 0:115.14.0-2.el9_4	0:115.14.0-2.el9_4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	thunderbird	before 0:115.14.0-1.el9_4	0:115.14.0-1.el9_4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	thunderbird-debuginfo	before 0:115.14.0-1.el9_4	0:115.14.0-1.el9_4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	thunderbird-debugsource	before 0:115.14.0-1.el9_4	0:115.14.0-1.el9_4
Red Hat:rhel_aus:8.2::appstream	firefox	before 0:115.14.0-2.el8_2	0:115.14.0-2.el8_2
Red Hat:rhel_aus:8.2::appstream	firefox-debuginfo	before 0:115.14.0-2.el8_2	0:115.14.0-2.el8_2
Red Hat:rhel_aus:8.2::appstream	firefox-debugsource	before 0:115.14.0-2.el8_2	0:115.14.0-2.el8_2
Red Hat:rhel_aus:8.2::appstream	thunderbird	before 0:115.14.0-1.el8_2	0:115.14.0-1.el8_2
Red Hat:rhel_aus:8.2::appstream	thunderbird-debuginfo	before 0:115.14.0-1.el8_2	0:115.14.0-1.el8_2

+36

Same product

mozilla: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2010-3765Mozilla Firefox 3.5.x through 3.5.14 and 3.6.x through 3.6.11, Thunderbird 3.1.6 before 3.1.6 and 3.0.x before 3.0.10, and SeaMonkey 2.x befKEV
94Now
CVE-2019-11708Insufficient vetting of parameters passed with the Prompt:Open IPC message between child and parent processes can result in the non-sandboxeKEV
87Now
CVE-2015-4495The PDF reader in Mozilla Firefox before 39.0.3, Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.1.1, and Firefox OS before 2.2 allows remote attackers to bypassKEV
86Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2024-7526Aug 6, 2024 · ANGLE failed to initialize parameters which lead to reading from uninitialized memory.
26Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2024-7527Aug 6, 2024 · Unexpected marking work at the start of sweeping could have led to a use-after-free.
35Monitor
Later →CVE-2024-7529Aug 6, 2024 · The date picker could partially obscure security prompts.
26Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
almalinux:firefox	115.14.0-2.el9_4.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:firefox-x11	115.14.0-2.el9_4.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:thunderbird	115.14.0-1.el9_4.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9	Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:MozillaFirefox	129.0-1.1 · openSUSE:Tumbleweed	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:firefox	0:115.14.0-2.el9_4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:firefox-debuginfo	0:115.14.0-2.el9_4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:firefox-debugsource	0:115.14.0-2.el9_4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:firefox-x11	0:115.14.0-2.el9_4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:thunderbird	0:115.14.0-1.el9_4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:thunderbird-debuginfo	0:115.14.0-1.el9_4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:thunderbird-debugsource	0:115.14.0-1.el9_4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
rocky linux:firefox	0:115.14.0-2.el8_10 · Rocky Linux:8	Package registry (OSV)
rocky linux:thunderbird	0:115.14.0-1.el8_10 · Rocky Linux:8	Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Jason Kratzer

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

CVE-2024-968064 days apartAn attacker was able to achieve code execution in the content process by exploiting a use-after-free in Animation timelines.KEV
76This week
CVE-2025-6424322 days apartUse-after-free in FontFaceSet
40Plan
CVE-2024-476484 days apartMultiple WebRTC threads could have claimed a newly connected audio input leading to use-after-free.
39Monitor
CVE-2025-1009182 days apartUse-after-free in XSLT
39Monitor
CVE-2023-5174314 days apartIf Windows failed to duplicate a handle during process creation, the sandbox code may have inadvertently freed a pointer twice, resulting in
39Monitor
CVE-2023-5175314 days apartDuring process shutdown, it was possible that an `ImageBitmap` was created that would later be used after being freed from a different codep
39Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
No account or password is required.
A user must open a link or visit a page.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: None
User interaction: Required
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-416 · Use After Free

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Root cause

After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-416 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1free(dev->buf);
2/* ... another thread is still running ... */
3process(dev->buf);

Fixed

1lock(&dev->lock);
2free(dev->buf);
3dev->buf = NULL;
4unlock(&dev->lock);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

Fix✗ → ✓Sep 28, 2026, 10:45 PM UTC

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1895951

Show all references (3 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records