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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2024-56558: nfsd: make sure exp active before svc_export_show

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.24% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 1cecfdbc6bfc89c516d286884c7f29267b95de2b, 6cefcadd34e3c71c81ea64b899a0daa86314a51a, 7365d1f8de63cffdbbaa2287ce0205438e1a922f.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 1cecfdbc6bfc89c516d286884c7f29267b95de2b, 6cefcadd34e3c71c81ea64b899a0daa86314a51a, 7365d1f8de63cffdbbaa2287ce0205438e1a922f or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfsd: make sure exp active before svc_export_show The function `e_show` was called with protection from RCU. This only ensures that `exp` will not be freed. Therefore, the reference count for `exp` can drop to zero, which will trigger a refcount use-after-free warning when `exp_get` is called. To resolve this issue, use `cache_get_rcu` to ensure that `exp` remains active. ------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 819 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0xb1/0x120 CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 819 Comm: cat Not tainted 6.12.0-rc3+ #1 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.1-2.fc37 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xb1/0x120 ... Call Trace: <TASK> e_show+0x20b/0x230 [nfsd] seq_read_iter+0x589/0x770 seq_read+0x1e5/0x270 vfs_read+0x125/0x530 ksys_read+0xc1/0x160 do_syscall_64+0x5f/0x170 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Dec 27, 2024
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 15th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

31

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · Linux
7.8
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

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  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2024-56558

When you'll hear from us

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  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel3.17 and later · before 5.4.287
  • linux linux kernel5.5 and later · before 5.10.231
  • linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.174
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.120
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.64
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.4

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 3.17affected
    • bf18f163e89c52e09c96534db45c4274273a0b34 and later · before e2fa0d0e327279a8defb87b263cd0bf288fd9261affected · git
    • bf18f163e89c52e09c96534db45c4274273a0b34 and later · before 7fd29d284b55c2274f7a748e6c5f25b4758b8da5affected · git
    • bf18f163e89c52e09c96534db45c4274273a0b34 and later · before 6cefcadd34e3c71c81ea64b899a0daa86314a51aaffected · git
    • bf18f163e89c52e09c96534db45c4274273a0b34 and later · before 7d8f7816bebcd2e7400bb4d786eccb8f33c9f9ecaffected · git
    • bf18f163e89c52e09c96534db45c4274273a0b34 and later · before 1cecfdbc6bfc89c516d286884c7f29267b95de2baffected · git
    • bf18f163e89c52e09c96534db45c4274273a0b34 and later · before 7365d1f8de63cffdbbaa2287ce0205438e1a922faffected · git
    • bf18f163e89c52e09c96534db45c4274273a0b34 and later · before be8f982c369c965faffa198b46060f8853e0f1f0affected · git
    • before 3.17not affected · semver
    • 5.4.287 and later · up to and including 5.4.*not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.123-16.1.123-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.5-16.12.5-1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_45before 17-150300.2.117-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_46before 16-150300.2.116-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_48before 13-150300.2.113-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_49before 12-150300.2.112-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_51before 8-150300.2.18-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_52before 7-150300.2.17-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_54before 4-150300.2.14-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_55before 4-150300.2.14-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_56before 2-150300.2.12-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_57before 2-150300.2.12-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_27before 18-150400.2.118-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_28before 15-150400.2.115-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_29before 13-150400.2.113-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_31before 11-150400.2.111-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_32before 11-150400.2.111-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_33before 10-150400.2.110-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_35before 8-150400.2.18-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_36before 3-150400.2.13-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_37before 3-150400.2.13-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_38before 2-150400.2.12-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_39before 2-150400.2.12-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_40before 2-150400.2.12-150400.2.1

+19

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-56556Dec 27, 2024 · binder: fix node UAF in binder_add_freeze_work()
    28Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-56557Dec 27, 2024 · iio: adc: ad7923: Fix buffer overflow for tx_buf and ring_xfer
    31Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2024-56559Dec 27, 2024 · mm/vmalloc: combine all TLB flush operations of KASAN shadow virtual address into one operation
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux1cecfdbc6bfc89c516d286884c7f29267b95de2bVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6cefcadd34e3c71c81ea64b899a0daa86314a51aVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux7365d1f8de63cffdbbaa2287ce0205438e1a922fVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux7d8f7816bebcd2e7400bb4d786eccb8f33c9f9ecVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux7fd29d284b55c2274f7a748e6c5f25b4758b8da5Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxbe8f982c369c965faffa198b46060f8853e0f1f0Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxe2fa0d0e327279a8defb87b263cd0bf288fd9261Vendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.1.123-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_4616-150300.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_527-150300.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_3211-150400.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_3310-150400.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_1518-150500.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_217-150500.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_018-150600.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_117-150600.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_313-150600.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_412-150600.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_511-150600.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_68-150600.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-416 · Use After Free

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Root cause

After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

c
free(dev->buf);/* ... another thread is still running ... */process(dev->buf);

Fixed

c
lock(&dev->lock);free(dev->buf);dev->buf = NULL;unlock(&dev->lock);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

All records