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NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2024-28182: Reading unbounded number of HTTP/2 CONTINUATION frames to cause excessive CPU usage

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Plan (action score 46/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 84.9% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 99.7% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • Fixed version: Azure Linux 3.0 ARM 1.61.0-1, 20.14.0-1, 3.0.6-1; Azure Linux 3.0 x64 1.61.0-1, 20.14.0-1, 3.0.6-1; CBL Mariner 2.0 ARM 1.57.0-2, 18.20.3-1, 3.21.4-14.

Add it to your regular patch cycle. Upgrade to Azure Linux 3.0 ARM 1.61.0-1, 20.14.0-1, 3.0.6-1; Azure Linux 3.0 x64 1.61.0-1, 20.14.0-1, 3.0.6-1; CBL Mariner 2.0 ARM 1.57.0-2, 18.20.3-1, 3.21.4-14 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

nghttp2 is an implementation of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol version 2 in C. The nghttp2 library prior to version 1.61.0 keeps reading the unbounded number of HTTP/2 CONTINUATION frames even after a stream is reset to keep HPACK context in sync. This causes excessive CPU usage to decode HPACK stream. nghttp2 v1.61.0 mitigates this vulnerability by limiting the number of CONTINUATION frames it accepts per stream. There is no workaround for this vulnerability.

MediumCVSS 5.3 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Apr 4, 2024
Updated
Oct 15, 2026
EPSS
84.9% · 99th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

46

Plan

Add it to your regular patch cycle.

CVSS
21 / 40 · 5.3 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
25 / 30 · 84.9%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · GitHub_M
5.3
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2024-28182

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
nghttp2nghttp2
debiandebian linux
fedoraprojectfedora

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • debian debian linux10.0
  • debian debian linux11.0
  • fedoraproject fedora38
  • fedoraproject fedora39
  • fedoraproject fedora40
  • nghttp2 nghttp2before 1.61.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • nghttp2 nghttp2

    • < 1.61.0affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:8libnghttp2before 1.33.0-6.el8_10.11.33.0-6.el8_10.1
AlmaLinux:8libnghttp2-develbefore 1.33.0-6.el8_10.11.33.0-6.el8_10.1
AlmaLinux:8nghttp2before 1.33.0-6.el8_10.11.33.0-6.el8_10.1
AlmaLinux:8nodejsbefore 1:20.12.2-2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e1:20.12.2-2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e
AlmaLinux:8nodejsbefore 1:18.20.2-1.module_el8.9.0+3828+c9fa96441:18.20.2-1.module_el8.9.0+3828+c9fa9644
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-develbefore 1:18.20.2-1.module_el8.9.0+3828+c9fa96441:18.20.2-1.module_el8.9.0+3828+c9fa9644
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-develbefore 1:20.12.2-2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e1:20.12.2-2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-docsbefore 1:20.12.2-2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e1:20.12.2-2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-docsbefore 1:18.20.2-1.module_el8.9.0+3828+c9fa96441:18.20.2-1.module_el8.9.0+3828+c9fa9644
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-full-i18nbefore 1:18.20.2-1.module_el8.9.0+3828+c9fa96441:18.20.2-1.module_el8.9.0+3828+c9fa9644
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-full-i18nbefore 1:20.12.2-2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e1:20.12.2-2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-nodemonbefore 3.0.1-1.module_el8.8.0+3613+1ed8c91d3.0.1-1.module_el8.8.0+3613+1ed8c91d
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-nodemonbefore 3.0.1-1.module_el8.9.0+3731+490e3ce53.0.1-1.module_el8.9.0+3731+490e3ce5
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-packagingbefore 2021.06-4.module_el8.7.0+3343+ea2b79012021.06-4.module_el8.7.0+3343+ea2b7901
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-packagingbefore 2021.06-4.module_el8.9.0+3684+11b9e9592021.06-4.module_el8.9.0+3684+11b9e959
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-packaging-bundlerbefore 2021.06-4.module_el8.9.0+3684+11b9e9592021.06-4.module_el8.9.0+3684+11b9e959
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-packaging-bundlerbefore 2021.06-4.module_el8.7.0+3343+ea2b79012021.06-4.module_el8.7.0+3343+ea2b7901
AlmaLinux:8npmbefore 1:10.5.0-1.18.20.2.1.module_el8.9.0+3828+c9fa96441:10.5.0-1.18.20.2.1.module_el8.9.0+3828+c9fa9644
AlmaLinux:8npmbefore 1:10.5.0-1.20.12.2.2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e1:10.5.0-1.20.12.2.2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e
AlmaLinux:9libnghttp2before 1.43.0-5.el9_4.31.43.0-5.el9_4.3
AlmaLinux:9libnghttp2-develbefore 1.43.0-5.el9_4.31.43.0-5.el9_4.3
AlmaLinux:9nghttp2before 1.43.0-5.el9_4.31.43.0-5.el9_4.3
AlmaLinux:9nodejsbefore 1:18.20.2-2.module_el9.4.0+99+a01f76761:18.20.2-2.module_el9.4.0+99+a01f7676
AlmaLinux:9nodejsbefore 1:20.12.2-2.module_el9.4.0+100+71fc95281:20.12.2-2.module_el9.4.0+100+71fc9528

+96

Same product

nghttp2: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2015-8659The idle stream handling in nghttp2 before 1.6.0 allows attackers to have unspecified impact via unknown vectors, aka a heap-use-after-free
    41Plan
  • CVE-2018-1000168nghttp2 version >= 1.10.0 and nghttp2 <= v1.31.0 contains an Improper Input Validation CWE-20 vulnerability in ALTSVC frame handling that ca
    33Monitor
  • CVE-2020-11080Denial of service in nghttp2
    32Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2016-1544Feb 6, 2020 · nghttp2 before 1.7.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory exhaustion).
    13Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-27135Mar 18, 2026 · nghttp2 Denial of service: Assertion failure due to the missing state validation
    30Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-58055Jun 28, 2026 · nghttp2 nghttpx - HTTP Request/Response Smuggling via Upgrade Request with Content-Length
    25Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Azure Linux 3.0 ARM1.61.0-1 · nghttp2Microsoft (MSRC)
Azure Linux 3.0 ARM20.14.0-1 · nodejsMicrosoft (MSRC)
Azure Linux 3.0 ARM3.0.6-1 · fluent-bitMicrosoft (MSRC)
Azure Linux 3.0 x641.61.0-1 · nghttp2Microsoft (MSRC)
Azure Linux 3.0 x6420.14.0-1 · nodejsMicrosoft (MSRC)
Azure Linux 3.0 x643.0.6-1 · fluent-bitMicrosoft (MSRC)
CBL Mariner 2.0 ARM1.57.0-2 · nghttp2Microsoft (MSRC)
CBL Mariner 2.0 ARM18.20.3-1 · nodejs18Microsoft (MSRC)
CBL Mariner 2.0 ARM3.21.4-14 · cmakeMicrosoft (MSRC)
CBL Mariner 2.0 x641.57.0-2 · nghttp2Microsoft (MSRC)
CBL Mariner 2.0 x6418.20.3-1 · nodejs18Microsoft (MSRC)
CBL Mariner 2.0 x643.21.4-14 · cmakeMicrosoft (MSRC)
almalinux:libnghttp21.43.0-5.el9_4.3 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:libnghttp2-devel1.43.0-5.el9_4.3 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nghttp21.43.0-5.el9_4.3 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs1:20.12.2-2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-devel1:20.12.2-2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-docs1:20.12.2-2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-full-i18n1:20.12.2-2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-libs1:16.20.2-8.el9_4 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-nodemon3.0.1-1.module_el8.9.0+3731+490e3ce5 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-packaging2021.06-4.module_el8.9.0+3684+11b9e959 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-packaging-bundler2021.06-4.module_el8.9.0+3684+11b9e959 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:npm1:10.5.0-1.20.12.2.2.module_el8.9.0+3827+11b91f3e · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
debian:nghttp21.52.0-1+deb12u2 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:nghttp21.40.0-150200.17.1 · openSUSE:Leap Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:nghttp2-python1.40.0-150200.17.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jbcs-httpd24-curl0:8.7.1-2.el7jbcs · Red Hat:jboss_core_services:1::el7Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jbcs-httpd24-curl-debuginfo0:8.7.1-2.el7jbcs · Red Hat:jboss_core_services:1::el7Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jbcs-httpd24-httpd0:2.4.57-10.el7jbcs · Red Hat:jboss_core_services:1::el7Package registry (OSV)

+15

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
low · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
Low

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-770 · Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (11 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records