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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2023-53986: mips: bmips: BCM6358: disable RAC flush for TP1

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 34/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.43% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 288c96aa5b5526cd4a946e84ef85e165857693b5, 2cdbcff99f15db86a10672fb220379a1ae46ccae, 47a449ec09b4479b89dcc6b27ec3829fc82ffafb.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 288c96aa5b5526cd4a946e84ef85e165857693b5, 2cdbcff99f15db86a10672fb220379a1ae46ccae, 47a449ec09b4479b89dcc6b27ec3829fc82ffafb or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mips: bmips: BCM6358: disable RAC flush for TP1 RAC flush causes kernel panics on BCM6358 with EHCI/OHCI when booting from TP1: [ 3.881739] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci-platform [ 3.895011] Reserved instruction in kernel code[#1]: [ 3.900113] CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: init Not tainted 5.10.16 #0 [ 3.905829] $ 0 : 00000000 10008700 00000000 77d94060 [ 3.911238] $ 4 : 7fd1f088 00000000 81431cac 81431ca0 [ 3.916641] $ 8 : 00000000 ffffefff 8075cd34 00000000 [ 3.922043] $12 : 806f8d40 f3e812b7 00000000 000d9aaa [ 3.927446] $16 : 7fd1f068 7fd1f080 7ff559b8 81428470 [ 3.932848] $20 : 00000000 00000000 55590000 77d70000 [ 3.938251] $24 : 00000018 00000010 [ 3.943655] $28 : 81430000 81431e60 81431f28 800157fc [ 3.949058] Hi : 00000000 [ 3.952013] Lo : 00000000 [ 3.955019] epc : 80015808 setup_sigcontext+0x54/0x24c [ 3.960464] ra : 800157fc setup_sigcontext+0x48/0x24c [ 3.965913] Status: 10008703 KERNEL EXL IE [ 3.970216] Cause : 00800028 (ExcCode 0a) [ 3.974340] PrId : 0002a010 (Broadcom BMIPS4350) [ 3.979170] Modules linked in: ohci_platform ohci_hcd fsl_mph_dr_of ehci_platform ehci_fsl ehci_hcd gpio_button_hotplug usbcore nls_base usb_common [ 3.992907] Process init (pid: 1, threadinfo=(ptrval), task=(ptrval), tls=77e22ec8) [ 4.000776] Stack : 81431ef4 7fd1f080 81431f28 81428470 7fd1f068 81431edc 7ff559b8 81428470 [ 4.009467] 81431f28 7fd1f080 55590000 77d70000 77d5498c 80015c70 806f0000 8063ae74 [ 4.018149] 08100002 81431f28 0000000a 08100002 81431f28 0000000a 77d6b418 00000003 [ 4.026831] ffffffff 80016414 80080734 81431ecc 81431ecc 00000001 00000000 04000000 [ 4.035512] 77d54874 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000012 00000002 00000000 [ 4.044196] ... [ 4.046706] Call Trace: [ 4.049238] [<80015808>] setup_sigcontext+0x54/0x24c [ 4.054356] [<80015c70>] setup_frame+0xdc/0x124 [ 4.059015] [<80016414>] do_notify_resume+0x1dc/0x288 [ 4.064207] [<80011b50>] work_notifysig+0x10/0x18 [ 4.069036] [ 4.070538] Code: 8fc300b4 00001025 26240008 <ac820000> ac830004 3c048063 0c0228aa 24846a00 26240010 [ 4.080686] [ 4.082517] ---[ end trace 22a8edb41f5f983b ]--- [ 4.087374] Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception [ 4.092753] Rebooting in 1 seconds.. Because the bootloader (CFE) is not initializing the Read-ahead cache properly on the second thread (TP1). Since the RAC was not initialized properly, we should avoid flushing it at the risk of corrupting the instruction stream as seen in the trace above.

HighCVSS 8.6 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Dec 24, 2025
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
EPSS
0.4% · 38th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

34

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
34 / 40 · 8.6 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.4%

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · Linux
8.6
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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When you'll hear from us

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  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
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  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 4.19affected
    • d59098a0e9cb3c7767090e935c909b37a30629ab and later · before d65de5ee8b72868fbbbd39ca73017d0e526fa13aaffected · git
    • d59098a0e9cb3c7767090e935c909b37a30629ab and later · before 47a449ec09b4479b89dcc6b27ec3829fc82ffafbaffected · git
    • d59098a0e9cb3c7767090e935c909b37a30629ab and later · before 65b723644294f1d79770704162c0e8d1f700b6f1affected · git
    • d59098a0e9cb3c7767090e935c909b37a30629ab and later · before 2cdbcff99f15db86a10672fb220379a1ae46ccaeaffected · git
    • d59098a0e9cb3c7767090e935c909b37a30629ab and later · before 288c96aa5b5526cd4a946e84ef85e165857693b5affected · git
    • d59098a0e9cb3c7767090e935c909b37a30629ab and later · before ab327f8acdf8d06601fbf058859a539a9422afffaffected · git
    • before 4.19not affected · semver
    • 5.4.240 and later · up to and including 5.4.*not affected · semver
    • 5.10.177 and later · up to and including 5.10.*not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.25-16.1.25-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-74705udp: fix potential use-after-free in tunnel segmentation
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74612veth: fix skb length accounting after XDP frag adjustment
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74475vxlan: use neigh_ha_snapshot() in route_shortcircuit()
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2022-50710Dec 24, 2025 · ice: set tx_tstamps when creating new Tx rings via ethtool
    0Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2022-50711Dec 24, 2025 · net: ethernet: mtk_eth_soc: fix possible memory leak in mtk_probe()
    0Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2023-53987Dec 24, 2025 · ping: Fix potentail NULL deref for /proc/net/icmp.
    0Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux288c96aa5b5526cd4a946e84ef85e165857693b5Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux2cdbcff99f15db86a10672fb220379a1ae46ccaeVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux47a449ec09b4479b89dcc6b27ec3829fc82ffafbVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux65b723644294f1d79770704162c0e8d1f700b6f1Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxab327f8acdf8d06601fbf058859a539a9422afffVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxd65de5ee8b72868fbbbd39ca73017d0e526fa13aVendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.1.25-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
low · data can be read
Integrity
low · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
Low
Integrity impact
Low
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (5 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records