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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2023-53730: blk-iocost: use spin_lock_irqsave in adjust_inuse_and_calc_cost

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 0/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.20% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 3376c4fe2db4aea2dc721a27a999c41fdb45b54f, 8563b58a4360e648ce18f0e98a75a4be51667431, 8ceeb3fc86a83700bb1585c189006080a47e8506.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 3376c4fe2db4aea2dc721a27a999c41fdb45b54f, 8563b58a4360e648ce18f0e98a75a4be51667431, 8ceeb3fc86a83700bb1585c189006080a47e8506 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: blk-iocost: use spin_lock_irqsave in adjust_inuse_and_calc_cost adjust_inuse_and_calc_cost() use spin_lock_irq() and IRQ will be enabled when unlock. DEADLOCK might happen if we have held other locks and disabled IRQ before invoking it. Fix it by using spin_lock_irqsave() instead, which can keep IRQ state consistent with before when unlock. ================================ WARNING: inconsistent lock state 5.10.0-02758-g8e5f91fd772f #26 Not tainted -------------------------------- inconsistent {IN-HARDIRQ-W} -> {HARDIRQ-ON-W} usage. kworker/2:3/388 [HC0[0]:SC0[0]:HE0:SE1] takes: ffff888118c00c28 (&bfqd->lock){?.-.}-{2:2}, at: spin_lock_irq ffff888118c00c28 (&bfqd->lock){?.-.}-{2:2}, at: bfq_bio_merge+0x141/0x390 {IN-HARDIRQ-W} state was registered at: __lock_acquire+0x3d7/0x1070 lock_acquire+0x197/0x4a0 __raw_spin_lock_irqsave _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x3b/0x60 bfq_idle_slice_timer_body bfq_idle_slice_timer+0x53/0x1d0 __run_hrtimer+0x477/0xa70 __hrtimer_run_queues+0x1c6/0x2d0 hrtimer_interrupt+0x302/0x9e0 local_apic_timer_interrupt __sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xfd/0x420 run_sysvec_on_irqstack_cond sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x46/0xa0 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x12/0x20 irq event stamp: 837522 hardirqs last enabled at (837521): [<ffffffff84b9419d>] __raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore hardirqs last enabled at (837521): [<ffffffff84b9419d>] _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x3d/0x40 hardirqs last disabled at (837522): [<ffffffff84b93fa3>] __raw_spin_lock_irq hardirqs last disabled at (837522): [<ffffffff84b93fa3>] _raw_spin_lock_irq+0x43/0x50 softirqs last enabled at (835852): [<ffffffff84e00558>] __do_softirq+0x558/0x8ec softirqs last disabled at (835845): [<ffffffff84c010ff>] asm_call_irq_on_stack+0xf/0x20 other info that might help us debug this: Possible unsafe locking scenario: CPU0 ---- lock(&bfqd->lock); <Interrupt> lock(&bfqd->lock); *** DEADLOCK *** 3 locks held by kworker/2:3/388: #0: ffff888107af0f38 ((wq_completion)kthrotld){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x742/0x13f0 #1: ffff8881176bfdd8 ((work_completion)(&td->dispatch_work)){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x777/0x13f0 #2: ffff888118c00c28 (&bfqd->lock){?.-.}-{2:2}, at: spin_lock_irq #2: ffff888118c00c28 (&bfqd->lock){?.-.}-{2:2}, at: bfq_bio_merge+0x141/0x390 stack backtrace: CPU: 2 PID: 388 Comm: kworker/2:3 Not tainted 5.10.0-02758-g8e5f91fd772f #26 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.14.0-0-g155821a1990b-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 Workqueue: kthrotld blk_throtl_dispatch_work_fn Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:77 [inline] dump_stack+0x107/0x167 print_usage_bug valid_state mark_lock_irq.cold+0x32/0x3a mark_lock+0x693/0xbc0 mark_held_locks+0x9e/0xe0 __trace_hardirqs_on_caller lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare.part.0+0x151/0x360 trace_hardirqs_on+0x5b/0x180 __raw_spin_unlock_irq _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x24/0x40 spin_unlock_irq adjust_inuse_and_calc_cost+0x4fb/0x970 ioc_rqos_merge+0x277/0x740 __rq_qos_merge+0x62/0xb0 rq_qos_merge bio_attempt_back_merge+0x12c/0x4a0 blk_mq_sched_try_merge+0x1b6/0x4d0 bfq_bio_merge+0x24a/0x390 __blk_mq_sched_bio_merge+0xa6/0x460 blk_mq_sched_bio_merge blk_mq_submit_bio+0x2e7/0x1ee0 __submit_bio_noacct_mq+0x175/0x3b0 submit_bio_noacct+0x1fb/0x270 blk_throtl_dispatch_work_fn+0x1ef/0x2b0 process_one_work+0x83e/0x13f0 process_scheduled_works worker_thread+0x7e3/0xd80 kthread+0x353/0x470 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30

—No exploit Fix available
Published
Oct 22, 2025
Updated
Oct 28, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 10th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

0

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
0 / 40 · —
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 5.10affected
    • b0853ab4a238c54b8f97ca7dde1ae156e2bbd5e4 and later · before 8563b58a4360e648ce18f0e98a75a4be51667431affected · git
    • b0853ab4a238c54b8f97ca7dde1ae156e2bbd5e4 and later · before eb120c0aff5ceab9c9c46b87f302465bbf2bbaedaffected · git
    • b0853ab4a238c54b8f97ca7dde1ae156e2bbd5e4 and later · before 8ceeb3fc86a83700bb1585c189006080a47e8506affected · git
    • b0853ab4a238c54b8f97ca7dde1ae156e2bbd5e4 and later · before 9279a1b74ad98039d5d44d26b9e7a9cfe655b6d3affected · git
    • b0853ab4a238c54b8f97ca7dde1ae156e2bbd5e4 and later · before 3376c4fe2db4aea2dc721a27a999c41fdb45b54faffected · git
    • b0853ab4a238c54b8f97ca7dde1ae156e2bbd5e4 and later · before 8d211554679d0b23702bd32ba04aeac0c1c4f660affected · git
    • before 5.10not affected · semver
    • 5.10.188 and later · up to and including 5.10.*not affected · semver
    • 5.15.121 and later · up to and including 5.15.*not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.52-16.1.52-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.4.4-16.4.4-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-74705udp: fix potential use-after-free in tunnel segmentation
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74612veth: fix skb length accounting after XDP frag adjustment
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74475vxlan: use neigh_ha_snapshot() in route_shortcircuit()
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-53727Oct 22, 2025 · net/sched: fq_pie: avoid stalls in fq_pie_timer()
    0Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-53729Oct 22, 2025 · soc: qcom: qmi_encdec: Restrict string length in decode
    31Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2023-53731Oct 22, 2025 · netlink: fix potential deadlock in netlink_set_err()
    0Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux3376c4fe2db4aea2dc721a27a999c41fdb45b54fVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux8563b58a4360e648ce18f0e98a75a4be51667431Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux8ceeb3fc86a83700bb1585c189006080a47e8506Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux8d211554679d0b23702bd32ba04aeac0c1c4f660Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux9279a1b74ad98039d5d44d26b9e7a9cfe655b6d3Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxeb120c0aff5ceab9c9c46b87f302465bbf2bbaedVendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.1.52-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

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No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

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No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

No CVSS vector for this record, so attack conditions can't be derived.

Weakness class (CWE)

—

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

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References

Show all references (5 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

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