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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2023-53566: netfilter: nft_set_rbtree: fix null deref on element insertion

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.15% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 3fa13203b6d90cc3a33af47b058739f92ab82eef, 5.10.181, 5.15.113.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 7.8, NVD 5.5.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 3fa13203b6d90cc3a33af47b058739f92ab82eef, 5.10.181, 5.15.113 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_set_rbtree: fix null deref on element insertion There is no guarantee that rb_prev() will not return NULL in nft_rbtree_gc_elem(): general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000003: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000018-0x000000000000001f] nft_add_set_elem+0x14b0/0x2990 nf_tables_newsetelem+0x528/0xb30 Furthermore, there is a possible use-after-free while iterating, 'node' can be free'd so we need to cache the next value to use.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Oct 4, 2025
Updated
Oct 15, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 4th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
5.5
CNA · Linux
7.8
2.3 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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Follow CVE-2023-53566

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel5.10.166 and later · before 5.10.181
  • linux linux kernel5.15.91 and later · before 5.15.113
  • linux linux kernel6.1.9 and later · before 6.1.30
  • linux linux kernel6.2.1 and later · before 6.3.4
  • linux linux kernel6.2
  • linux linux kernel6.4

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 6.2affected
    • 7ab87a326f20c52ff4d9972052d085be951c704b and later · before b76db53ee8802ee5683f8cb401d7e2ec6f9b3d56affected · git
    • 181859bdfb9734aca449512fccaee4cacce64aed and later · before 899aa5638568abf5d69de7a7bb95e4615157375baffected · git
    • 4aacf3d78424293e318c616016865380b37b9cc5 and later · before 3fa13203b6d90cc3a33af47b058739f92ab82eefaffected · git
    • 2bf1435fa19d2c58054391b3bba40d5510a5758c and later · before ec5caa765f7f6960011c919c9aeb1467940421f6affected · git
    • 318cb24a4c3fce8140afaf84e4d45fcb76fb280b and later · before a836be60a3aabcedcd9c79f545d409ace1f20ba6affected · git
    • c9e6978e2725a7d4b6cd23b2facd3f11422c0643 and later · before a337706c1fb35aac3f26b48aca80421bdbe1d33aaffected · git
    • c9e6978e2725a7d4b6cd23b2facd3f11422c0643 and later · before 61ae320a29b0540c16931816299eb86bf2b66c08affected · git
    • 5.10.166 and later · before 5.10.181affected · semver
    • 5.15.91 and later · before 5.15.113affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.37-16.1.37-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.3.7-16.3.7-1
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreambpftool-debuginfobefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debug-debuginfobefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debug-develbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debug-devel-matchedbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debuginfobefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64before 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64lebefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debuginfo-common-s390xbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64before 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-develbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-devel-matchedbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-docbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-tools-debuginfobefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-zfcpdump-debuginfobefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-zfcpdump-develbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-zfcpdump-devel-matchedbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamperfbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamperf-debuginfobefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreampython3-perf-debuginfobefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::baseosbpftoolbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::baseoskernelbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::baseoskernel-abi-stablelistsbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0

+15

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-53560Oct 4, 2025 · tracing/histograms: Add histograms to hist_vars if they have referenced variables
    31Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-53561Oct 4, 2025 · net: wwan: iosm: fix NULL pointer dereference when removing device
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2023-53567Oct 4, 2025 · spi: qup: Don't skip cleanup in remove's error path
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux3fa13203b6d90cc3a33af47b058739f92ab82eefVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux5.10.181Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux5.15.113Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.1.30Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux61ae320a29b0540c16931816299eb86bf2b66c08Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux899aa5638568abf5d69de7a7bb95e4615157375bVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxa337706c1fb35aac3f26b48aca80421bdbe1d33aVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxa836be60a3aabcedcd9c79f545d409ace1f20ba6Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxb76db53ee8802ee5683f8cb401d7e2ec6f9b3d56Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxec5caa765f7f6960011c919c9aeb1467940421f6Vendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.1.37-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
red hat:bpftool-debuginfo0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug-debuginfo0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug-devel0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug-devel-matched0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debuginfo0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch640:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debuginfo-common-s390x0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_640:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-devel0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-devel-matched0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-doc0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-476 · NULL Pointer Dereference

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. SSVC exploitation— → none
  2. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (6 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records