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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2023-52628: netfilter: nftables: exthdr: fix 4-byte stack OOB write

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 28/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.66% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 51.8% of all records.
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 1ad7b189cc1411048434e8595ffcbe7873b71082, 28a97c43c9e32f437ebb8d6126f9bb7f3ca9521a, a7d86a77c33ba1c357a7504341172cc1507f0698.
  • Mentioned 1 time in Turkish national cyber security advisories (siberguvenlik.gov.tr).

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 1ad7b189cc1411048434e8595ffcbe7873b71082, 28a97c43c9e32f437ebb8d6126f9bb7f3ca9521a, a7d86a77c33ba1c357a7504341172cc1507f0698 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nftables: exthdr: fix 4-byte stack OOB write If priv->len is a multiple of 4, then dst[len / 4] can write past the destination array which leads to stack corruption. This construct is necessary to clean the remainder of the register in case ->len is NOT a multiple of the register size, so make it conditional just like nft_payload.c does. The bug was added in 4.1 cycle and then copied/inherited when tcp/sctp and ip option support was added. Bug reported by Zero Day Initiative project (ZDI-CAN-21950, ZDI-CAN-21951, ZDI-CAN-21961).

HighCVSS 7.1 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Mar 28, 2024
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
EPSS
0.6% · 51th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

28

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
28 / 40 · 7.1 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
7.1
CNA · Linux
7.8
0.7 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2023-52628

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel4.1 and later · before 5.10.198
  • linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.132
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.54
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.5.4

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 4.1affected
    • 49499c3e6e18b7677a63316f3ff54a16533dc28f and later · before 28a97c43c9e32f437ebb8d6126f9bb7f3ca9521aaffected · git
    • 49499c3e6e18b7677a63316f3ff54a16533dc28f and later · before cf39c4f77a773a547ac2bcf30ecdd303bb0c80cbaffected · git
    • 49499c3e6e18b7677a63316f3ff54a16533dc28f and later · before a7d86a77c33ba1c357a7504341172cc1507f0698affected · git
    • 49499c3e6e18b7677a63316f3ff54a16533dc28f and later · before 1ad7b189cc1411048434e8595ffcbe7873b71082affected · git
    • 49499c3e6e18b7677a63316f3ff54a16533dc28f and later · before d9ebfc0f21377690837ebbd119e679243e0099ccaffected · git
    • 49499c3e6e18b7677a63316f3ff54a16533dc28f and later · before c8f292322ff16b9a2272a67de396c09a50e09dceaffected · git
    • 49499c3e6e18b7677a63316f3ff54a16533dc28f and later · before fd94d9dadee58e09b49075240fe83423eb1dcd36affected · git
    • before 4.1not affected · semver
    • 4.19.316 and later · up to and including 4.19.*not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.55-16.1.55-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.5.6-16.5.6-1
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreambpftool-debuginfobefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debug-debuginfobefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debug-develbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debug-devel-matchedbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debuginfobefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64before 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64lebefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debuginfo-common-s390xbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64before 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-develbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-devel-matchedbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-docbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-tools-debuginfobefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-zfcpdump-debuginfobefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-zfcpdump-develbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamkernel-zfcpdump-devel-matchedbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamperfbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreamperf-debuginfobefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstreampython3-perf-debuginfobefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::baseosbpftoolbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::baseoskernelbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0
Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.0::baseoskernel-abi-stablelistsbefore 0:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_00:5.14.0-70.101.1.el9_0

+96

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-26652Mar 27, 2024 · net: pds_core: Fix possible double free in error handling path
    16Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-26651Mar 27, 2024 · sr9800: Add check for usbnet_get_endpoints
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2023-52629Mar 29, 2024 · sh: push-switch: Reorder cleanup operations to avoid use-after-free bug
    33Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux1ad7b189cc1411048434e8595ffcbe7873b71082Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux28a97c43c9e32f437ebb8d6126f9bb7f3ca9521aVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxa7d86a77c33ba1c357a7504341172cc1507f0698Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxc8f292322ff16b9a2272a67de396c09a50e09dceVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxcf39c4f77a773a547ac2bcf30ecdd303bb0c80cbVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxd9ebfc0f21377690837ebbd119e679243e0099ccVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxfd94d9dadee58e09b49075240fe83423eb1dcd36Vendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.1.55-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
red hat:bpftool-debuginfo0:7.0.0-284.66.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.2::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debug-debuginfo0:5.14.0-284.66.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.2::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debug-devel0:5.14.0-284.66.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.2::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched0:5.14.0-284.66.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.2::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debuginfo0:5.14.0-284.66.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.2::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-devel0:5.14.0-284.66.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.2::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-devel-matched0:5.14.0-284.66.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.2::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug-debuginfo0:5.14.0-284.66.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.2::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug-devel0:5.14.0-284.66.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.2::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug-devel-matched0:5.14.0-284.66.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.2::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debuginfo0:5.14.0-284.66.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.2::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch640:5.14.0-284.66.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.2::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP2_Update_3812-150200.2.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP2Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_3313-150300.2.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_1313-150400.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_1512-150400.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_013-150500.9.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_510-150500.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5-RT_Update_014-150500.6.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5-RT_Update_113-150500.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5Package registry (OSV)
suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_4414-2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

National notice (Türkiye Cybersecurity Directorate / USOM)

Official security notices citing this record; remediation advice is on the agency's page.

All national notices →

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-787 · Out-of-bounds Write

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (7 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records