CVE-2023-52447: bpf: Defer the free of inner map when necessary
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Monitor (action score 26/100)
- The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.24% (FIRST EPSS).
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
- Fixed version: Linux Linux 37d98fb9c3144c0fddf7f6e99aece9927ac8dce6, 62fca83303d608ad4fec3f7428c8685680bb01b0, 876673364161da50eed6b472d746ef88242b2368; CBL Mariner 2.0 ARM 5.15.153.1-1, 5.15.158.1-1; CBL Mariner 2.0 x64 5.15.153.1-1, 5.15.158.1-1.
- Mentioned 1 time in Turkish national cyber security advisories (siberguvenlik.gov.tr).
Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 37d98fb9c3144c0fddf7f6e99aece9927ac8dce6, 62fca83303d608ad4fec3f7428c8685680bb01b0, 876673364161da50eed6b472d746ef88242b2368; CBL Mariner 2.0 ARM 5.15.153.1-1, 5.15.158.1-1; CBL Mariner 2.0 x64 5.15.153.1-1, 5.15.158.1-1 or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Defer the free of inner map when necessary When updating or deleting an inner map in map array or map htab, the map may still be accessed by non-sleepable program or sleepable program. However bpf_map_fd_put_ptr() decreases the ref-counter of the inner map directly through bpf_map_put(), if the ref-counter is the last one (which is true for most cases), the inner map will be freed by ops->map_free() in a kworker. But for now, most .map_free() callbacks don't use synchronize_rcu() or its variants to wait for the elapse of a RCU grace period, so after the invocation of ops->map_free completes, the bpf program which is accessing the inner map may incur use-after-free problem. Fix the free of inner map by invoking bpf_map_free_deferred() after both one RCU grace period and one tasks trace RCU grace period if the inner map has been removed from the outer map before. The deferment is accomplished by using call_rcu() or call_rcu_tasks_trace() when releasing the last ref-counter of bpf map. The newly-added rcu_head field in bpf_map shares the same storage space with work field to reduce the size of bpf_map.
- Published
- Feb 22, 2024
- Updated
- Oct 15, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.2% · 16th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-416
Report tools
Action score
26
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 26 / 40 · 6.7 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.2%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- proof of concept
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- total
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- 6.7
- CNA · Linux
- 7.8
- 1.1 point gap
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Get told when this record changes
- Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
- No public exploit code on record
- A fix has been released
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
Is your version affected? Check itNoroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| linux | linux kernel | cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel |
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Linux Linux
- 5.9affected
- bba1dc0b55ac462d24ed1228ad49800c238cd6d7 and later · before 90c445799fd1dc214d7c6279c144e33a35e29ef2affected · git
- bba1dc0b55ac462d24ed1228ad49800c238cd6d7 and later · before 37d98fb9c3144c0fddf7f6e99aece9927ac8dce6affected · git
- bba1dc0b55ac462d24ed1228ad49800c238cd6d7 and later · before 62fca83303d608ad4fec3f7428c8685680bb01b0affected · git
- bba1dc0b55ac462d24ed1228ad49800c238cd6d7 and later · before f91cd728b10c51f6d4a39957ccd56d1e802fc8eeaffected · git
- bba1dc0b55ac462d24ed1228ad49800c238cd6d7 and later · before bfd9b20c4862f41d4590fde11d70a5eeae53dcc5affected · git
- bba1dc0b55ac462d24ed1228ad49800c238cd6d7 and later · before 876673364161da50eed6b472d746ef88242b2368affected · git
- before 5.9not affected · semver
- 5.10.214 and later · up to and including 5.10.*not affected · semver
- 5.15.153 and later · up to and including 5.15.*not affected · semver
Affected versions · NVD (5)
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- linux linux kernel5.9.0 and later · before 5.10.214
- linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.153
- linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.75
- linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.14
- linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.7.2
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:10 | linux-5.10 | before 5.10.216-1~deb10u1 | 5.10.216-1~deb10u1 |
| Debian:11 | linux | before 5.10.216-1 | 5.10.216-1 |
| Debian:12 | linux | before 6.1.76-1 | 6.1.76-1 |
| Debian:13 | linux | before 6.6.15-1 | 6.6.15-1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | dtb-aarch64 | before 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-64kb | before 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-azure | before 5.14.21-150500.33.37.1 | 5.14.21-150500.33.37.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-debug | before 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-default | before 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-default-base | before 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1.150500.6.23.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1.150500.6.23.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-docs | before 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-kvmsmall | before 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-obs-build | before 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-obs-qa | before 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-rt | before 5.14.21-150500.13.38.1 | 5.14.21-150500.13.38.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-rt_debug | before 5.14.21-150500.13.38.1 | 5.14.21-150500.13.38.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-source | before 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-source-azure | before 5.14.21-150500.33.37.1 | 5.14.21-150500.33.37.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-source-rt | before 5.14.21-150500.13.38.1 | 5.14.21-150500.13.38.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-syms | before 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-syms-azure | before 5.14.21-150500.33.37.1 | 5.14.21-150500.33.37.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-syms-rt | before 5.14.21-150500.13.38.1 | 5.14.21-150500.13.38.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-zfcpdump | before 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap Micro 5.3 | kernel-default | before 5.14.21-150400.24.111.2 | 5.14.21-150400.24.111.2 |
+31
Same product
linux: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV90Now
- CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe…KEV89Now
- CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV85Now
Published before and after this one in the same product
- ← EarlierCVE-2024-26592Feb 22, 2024 · ksmbd: fix UAF issue in ksmbd_tcp_new_connection()31Monitor
- ← EarlierCVE-2023-52444Feb 22, 2024 · f2fs: fix to avoid dirent corruption31Monitor
- Later →CVE-2023-52452Feb 22, 2024 · bpf: Fix accesses to uninit stack slots31Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Linux Linux | 37d98fb9c3144c0fddf7f6e99aece9927ac8dce6 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 62fca83303d608ad4fec3f7428c8685680bb01b0 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 876673364161da50eed6b472d746ef88242b2368 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 90c445799fd1dc214d7c6279c144e33a35e29ef2 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | bfd9b20c4862f41d4590fde11d70a5eeae53dcc5 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | f91cd728b10c51f6d4a39957ccd56d1e802fc8ee | Vendor (CNA) |
| CBL Mariner 2.0 ARM | 5.15.153.1-1 · hyperv-daemons | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| CBL Mariner 2.0 ARM | 5.15.158.1-1 · kernel | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| CBL Mariner 2.0 x64 | 5.15.153.1-1 · hyperv-daemons | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| CBL Mariner 2.0 x64 | 5.15.158.1-1 · kernel | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| debian:linux | 6.1.76-1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| debian:linux-5.10 | 5.10.216-1~deb10u1 · Debian:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:dtb-aarch64 | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-64kb | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-azure | 5.14.21-150500.33.37.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-debug | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-default | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1.150500.6.23.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-docs | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-kvmsmall | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-obs-build | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-obs-qa | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-source-azure | 5.14.21-150500.33.37.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-syms-azure | 5.14.21-150500.33.37.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-64kb | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-azure | 5.14.21-150500.33.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-default | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1.150500.6.23.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-docs | 5.14.21-150500.55.52.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_11 | 1-150500.11.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
+6
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
National notice (Türkiye Cybersecurity Directorate / USOM)
Official security notices citing this record; remediation advice is on the agency's page.
- TR-24-0126 · Feb 23, 2024(Linux Kernel Güncellemesi)
Not on record for this CVE: EPSS history · patch commit or PR link · researcher credit · variant or chain candidate · public bounty program.
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- Administrator privileges are required.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- High
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-416 · Use After FreeCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd-primary
Root cause
After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.
The bug in code
The whole CWE-416 classA representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.
Vulnerable
free(dev->buf);
/* ... another thread is still running ... */
process(dev->buf);Fixed
lock(&dev->lock);
free(dev->buf);
dev->buf = NULL;
unlock(&dev->lock);Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.
Change log (1)
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
Show all references (7 more)Show less
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/62fca83303d608ad4fec3f7428c8685680bb01b0
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/876673364161da50eed6b472d746ef88242b2368
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/90c445799fd1dc214d7c6279c144e33a35e29ef2
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/bfd9b20c4862f41d4590fde11d70a5eeae53dcc5
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/f91cd728b10c51f6d4a39957ccd56d1e802fc8ee
- lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00017.html
- cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-265688.html
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.