NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2023-49085: Cacti SQL Injection vulnerability

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Plan (action score 57/100)

A ready-made attack module is public (Metasploit); exploiting it takes no special expertise.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 74.4% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 99.4% of all records.
Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
Fixed version: cacti (Alpine:v3.18) 1.2.26-r0; cacti (Debian:10) 1.2.2+ds1-2+deb10u6; cacti (Debian:11) 1.2.16+ds1-2+deb11u3.

Add it to your regular patch cycle. Upgrade to cacti (Alpine:v3.18) 1.2.26-r0; cacti (Debian:10) 1.2.2+ds1-2+deb10u6; cacti (Debian:11) 1.2.16+ds1-2+deb11u3 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Cacti provides an operational monitoring and fault management framework. In versions 1.2.25 and prior, it is possible to execute arbitrary SQL code through the `pollers.php` script. An authorized user may be able to execute arbitrary SQL code. The vulnerable component is the `pollers.php`. Impact of the vulnerability - arbitrary SQL code execution. As of time of publication, a patch does not appear to exist.

HighCVSS 8.8 · v3.1—Weaponized Fix available

Published: Dec 22, 2023
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 74.4% · 99th percentile
CWE: CWE-89

Report tools

JSON

Action score

Plan

Add it to your regular patch cycle.

CVSS: 35 / 40 · 8.8 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 22 / 30 · 74.4%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: proof of concept
Automatable: no
Technical impact: total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: 8.8
CNA · GitHub_M: 8.8; agree

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
Weaponized exploit exists
A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Running WordPress? Scan your site free with WP Lens

Is your version affected? Check it

Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

We use this product, ask for help

Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
cacti	cacti	cpe:2.3:a:cacti:cacti

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

cacti cactiup to 1.2.25 inclusive

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

Cacti cacti
- <= 1.2.25affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Ecosystem	Package	Affected range	Fix
Alpine:v3.18	cacti	before 1.2.26-r0	1.2.26-r0
Debian:10	cacti	before 1.2.2+ds1-2+deb10u6	1.2.2+ds1-2+deb10u6
Debian:11	cacti	before 1.2.16+ds1-2+deb11u3	1.2.16+ds1-2+deb11u3
Debian:12	cacti	before 1.2.24+ds1-1+deb12u2	1.2.24+ds1-1+deb12u2
Debian:13	cacti	before 1.2.26+ds1-1	1.2.26+ds1-1
openSUSE:Leap 15.5	cacti	before 1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1	1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.5	cacti-spine	before 1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1	1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweed	cacti	before 1.2.26-1.1	1.2.26-1.1
SUSE:Package Hub 12	cacti	before 1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1	1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1
SUSE:Package Hub 12	cacti-spine	before 1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1	1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1

Same product

cacti: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2022-46169Unauthenticated Command InjectionKEV
99Now
CVE-2024-29895Cacti command injection in cmd_realtime.php
70This week
CVE-2023-39361Unauthenticated SQL Injection in graph_view.php in Cacti
66This week

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2023-49084Dec 21, 2023 · Local File Inclusion (RCE) in Cacti
54Plan
← EarlierCVE-2023-49086Dec 21, 2023 · Cacti is vulnerable to cross-Site scripting (XSS) DOM
21Monitor
Later →CVE-2023-49088Dec 22, 2023 · Cacti has incomplete fix for CVE-2023-39515
19Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
alpine:cacti	1.2.26-r0 · Alpine:v3.18	Package registry (OSV)
debian:cacti	1.2.24+ds1-1+deb12u2 · Debian:12	Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:cacti	1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5	Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:cacti-spine	1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:cacti	1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1 · SUSE:Package Hub 12	Package registry (OSV)
suse:cacti-spine	1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1 · SUSE:Package Hub 12	Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Evidence

Metasploit module ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
Source	Kind	Date
Metasploit module	exploit/multi/http/cacti_pollers_sqli_rceCacti RCE via SQLi in pollers.phpexploit	2023-12-20

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

MetasploitDec 20, 2023-3 d
PublishedDec 22, 2023
TodayNov 8, 2026+1051 d

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

CVE-2023-39361108 days apartUnauthenticated SQL Injection in graph_view.php in Cacti
66This week
CVE-2023-514480 days apartSQL Injection vulnerability when managing SNMP Notification Receivers
55Plan
CVE-2024-54146402 days apartCacti has a SQL Injection vulnerability when view host template
49Plan
CVE-2024-31445144 days apartSQL Injection vulnerability in automation_get_new_graphs_sql
43Plan
CVE-2025-26520418 days apartCacti through 1.2.29 allows SQL injection in the template function in host_templates.php via the graph_template parameter.
39Monitor
CVE-2023-39358108 days apartAuthenticated SQL injection vulnerability in reports_user.php in Cacti
36Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
A low-privileged account is enough.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-89 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Root cause

The query text is built by concatenating user input. The database cannot tell where the data ends and the command begins.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-89 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1const owner = req.query.owner;
2const rows = await db.query(
3  "SELECT * FROM files WHERE owner = '" + owner + "'"
4);

Fixed

1const owner = req.query.owner;
2const rows = await db.query(
3  "SELECT * FROM files WHERE owner = $1",
4  [owner]
5);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

Fix✗ → ✓Sep 28, 2026, 10:45 PM UTC

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

packetstormsecurity.com/files/176995/Cacti-pollers.php-SQL-Injection-Remote-Code-Execution.html

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records