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NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2023-49084: Local File Inclusion (RCE) in Cacti

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Plan (action score 54/100)

  • A ready-made attack module is public (Metasploit); exploiting it takes no special expertise.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 64.4% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 99.2% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: cacti (Alpine:v3.18) 1.2.26-r0; cacti (Debian:10) 1.2.2+ds1-2+deb10u6; cacti (Debian:11) 1.2.16+ds1-2+deb11u3.

Add it to your regular patch cycle. Upgrade to cacti (Alpine:v3.18) 1.2.26-r0; cacti (Debian:10) 1.2.2+ds1-2+deb10u6; cacti (Debian:11) 1.2.16+ds1-2+deb11u3 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Cacti is a robust performance and fault management framework and a frontend to RRDTool - a Time Series Database (TSDB). While using the detected SQL Injection and insufficient processing of the include file path, it is possible to execute arbitrary code on the server. Exploitation of the vulnerability is possible for an authorized user. The vulnerable component is the `link.php`. Impact of the vulnerability execution of arbitrary code on the server.

HighCVSS 8.8 · v3.1—Weaponized Fix available
Published
Dec 21, 2023
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
64.4% · 99th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

54

Plan

Add it to your regular patch cycle.

CVSS
35 / 40 · 8.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
19 / 30 · 64.4%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
8.8
CNA · GitHub_M
8.1
0.7 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • Weaponized exploit exists
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2023-49084

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
cacticacti

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • cacti cacti1.2.25

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Cacti cacti

    • = 1.2.25affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Alpine:v3.18cactibefore 1.2.26-r01.2.26-r0
Debian:10cactibefore 1.2.2+ds1-2+deb10u61.2.2+ds1-2+deb10u6
Debian:11cactibefore 1.2.16+ds1-2+deb11u31.2.16+ds1-2+deb11u3
Debian:12cactibefore 1.2.24+ds1-1+deb12u21.2.24+ds1-1+deb12u2
Debian:13cactibefore 1.2.26+ds1-11.2.26+ds1-1
openSUSE:Leap 15.5cactibefore 1.2.26-bp155.2.6.11.2.26-bp155.2.6.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.5cacti-spinebefore 1.2.26-bp155.2.6.11.2.26-bp155.2.6.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedcactibefore 1.2.26-1.11.2.26-1.1
SUSE:Package Hub 12cactibefore 1.2.26-bp155.2.6.11.2.26-bp155.2.6.1
SUSE:Package Hub 12cacti-spinebefore 1.2.26-bp155.2.6.11.2.26-bp155.2.6.1

Same product

cacti: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-39511Sep 6, 2023 · Stored Cross-Site-Scripting on reports_admin.php device name in Cacti
    19Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-46490Oct 27, 2023 · SQL Injection vulnerability in Cacti v1.2.25 allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information via the form_actions() function in the
    27Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2023-49086Dec 21, 2023 · Cacti is vulnerable to cross-Site scripting (XSS) DOM
    21Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
alpine:cacti1.2.26-r0 · Alpine:v3.18Package registry (OSV)
debian:cacti1.2.24+ds1-1+deb12u2 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:cacti1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:cacti-spine1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5Package registry (OSV)
suse:cacti1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1 · SUSE:Package Hub 12Package registry (OSV)
suse:cacti-spine1.2.26-bp155.2.6.1 · SUSE:Package Hub 12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Evidence

  • Metasploit module ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
SourceKindDate
Metasploit moduleexploit/multi/http/cacti_pollers_sqli_rceCacti RCE via SQLi in pollers.phpexploit2023-12-20

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Metasploit-2 d
  2. Published
  3. TodayNov 5, 2026+1050 d

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2024-31459145 days apartCacti RCE vulnerability by file include in lib/plugin.php
    29Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-98 · Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records