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NVD / CVE Program· CNA AHA

CVE-2023-4504: OpenPrinting CUPS/libppd Postscript Parsing Heap Overflow

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 28/100)

  • Public proof-of-concept code exists (GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.63% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 50.5% of all records.
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. No account or password is required. A user must open a link or visit a page. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
  • Fixed version: OpenPrinting CUPS 2.4.6; OpenPrinting libppd d09348b.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to OpenPrinting CUPS 2.4.6; OpenPrinting libppd d09348b or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Due to failure in validating the length provided by an attacker-crafted PPD PostScript document, CUPS and libppd are susceptible to a heap-based buffer overflow and possibly code execution. This issue has been fixed in CUPS version 2.4.7, released in September of 2023.

HighCVSS 7.0 · v3.1—Proof of concept Fix available
Published
Sep 21, 2023
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.6% · 50th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

28

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
28 / 40 · 7.0 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • Proof of concept exists, no weaponized module
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2023-4504

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
openprintingcups
openprintinglibppd
fedoraprojectfedora
debiandebian linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • debian debian linux10.0
  • fedoraproject fedora37
  • fedoraproject fedora38
  • fedoraproject fedora39
  • openprinting cupsbefore 2.4.7
  • openprinting libppd2.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (AHA). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • OpenPrinting CUPS

    • before 2.4.6affected · semver

  • OpenPrinting libppd

    • before d09348baffected · git

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Alpine:v3.17cupsbefore 2.4.7-r02.4.7-r0
Debian:10cupsbefore 2.2.10-6+deb10u92.2.10-6+deb10u9
Debian:12cupsbefore 2.4.2-3+deb12u22.4.2-3+deb12u2
Debian:13cupsbefore 2.4.2-62.4.2-6
openSUSE:Leap 15.4cupsbefore 2.2.7-150000.3.51.22.2.7-150000.3.51.2
openSUSE:Tumbleweedcupsbefore 2.4.2-7.12.4.2-7.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3cupsbefore 2.2.7-150000.3.51.22.2.7-150000.3.51.2
SUSE:Linux Micro 6.0cupsbefore 2.4.11-1.12.4.11-1.1
SUSE:OpenStack Cloud 9cupsbefore 1.7.5-20.46.11.7.5-20.46.1

Same product

openprinting: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2025-58060cups has Authentication bypass with AuthType Negotiate
    32Monitor
  • CVE-2023-34241CUPS vulnerable to use-after-free in cupsdAcceptClient()
    28Monitor
  • CVE-2024-35235Cupsd Listen arbitrary chmod 0140777
    27Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-32324Jun 1, 2023 · OpenPrinting CUPS vulnerable to heap buffer overflow
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-58364Sep 11, 2025 · cups: Remote DoS via null dereference
    26Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-58436Nov 29, 2025 · OpenPrinting CUPS slow client can halt cupsd, leading to a possible DoS attack
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
OpenPrinting CUPS2.4.6Vendor (CNA)
OpenPrinting libppdd09348bVendor (CNA)
alpine:cups2.4.7-r0 · Alpine:v3.17Package registry (OSV)
debian:cups2.4.2-3+deb12u2 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:cups2.2.7-150000.3.51.2 · openSUSE:Leap 15.4Package registry (OSV)
suse:cups1.7.5-20.46.1 · SUSE:OpenStack Cloud 9Package registry (OSV)
suse:cups2.2.7-150000.3.51.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

Proof of concept available

A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.

Evidence

  • Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
SourceKindDate
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:32025-05-08

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Published
  2. First PoC+594 d
  3. TodayNov 4, 2026+1139 d

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-122 · Heap-based Buffer Overflow

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (7 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records