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CVE-2023-28461· NVD / CVE Program· CNA mitre

Array Networks Array AG Series and vxAG (9.4.0.481 and earlier) allow remote code execution.

Array Networks Array AG Series and vxAG (9.4.0.481 and earlier) allow remote code execution. An attacker can browse the filesystem on the SSL VPN gateway using a flags attribute in an HTTP header without authentication. The product could then be exploited through a vulnerable URL. The 2023-03-09 vendor advisory stated "a new Array AG release with the fix will be available soon."

CriticalCVSS 9.8 · v3.1KEVWeaponized No fix recorded
Published
Mar 15, 2023
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
EPSS
68.1% · 99th percentile
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JSON

Action score

89

Now

Patch today or shut off access.

CVSS
39 / 40 · 9.8 / 10
CISA KEV
30 / 30 · Listed
EPSS
20 / 30 · 68.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
active
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Actively exploited in the wild

CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on Nov 25, 2024. That signals real attacks, not theory.

Remediation deadline for government agencies: Dec 16, 2024.

Known to be used in ransomware campaigns.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
arraynetworksarrayos ag
arraynetworksag1000
arraynetworksag1000t
arraynetworksag1000v5
arraynetworksag1100v5
arraynetworksag1150
arraynetworksag1200
arraynetworksag1200v5
arraynetworksag1500
arraynetworksag1500fips
arraynetworksag1500v5
arraynetworksag1600

and 2 more

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • arraynetworks arrayos agup to 9.4.0.481 inclusive

Same product

arraynetworks: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2025-66644Array Networks ArrayOS AG before 9.4.5.9 allows command injection, as exploited in the wild in August through December 2025.KEV
    70This week
  • CVE-2023-51707MotionPro in Array ArrayOS AG before 9.4.0.505 on AG and vxAG allows remote command execution via crafted packets.
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2022-42897Array Networks AG/vxAG with ArrayOS AG before 9.4.0.469 allows unauthenticated command injection that leads to privilege escalation and cont
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2023-41121Array AG OS before 9.4.0.499 allows denial of service: remote attackers can cause system service processes to crash through abnormal HTTP op
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2023-24613The user interface of Array Networks AG Series and vxAG through 9.4.0.470 could allow a remote attacker to use the gdb tool to overwrite the
    19Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Published
  2. CISA KEV+620 d
  3. TodaySep 29, 2026+1294 d
EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-287 · Improper Authentication

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Root cause

Authentication is added route by route instead of being enforced in one place. When a route added later bypasses the shared middleware, the session check never runs for it.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-287 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

ts
app.use("/admin", requireSession, adminRouter);
// Route added later skips the middlewareapp.post("/admin-api/config", updateConfig);

Fixed

ts
const admin = express.Router();admin.use(requireSession, requireRole("admin"));
admin.post("/config", updateConfig);app.use("/admin", admin);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.

We use this product, ask for help

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records