NVD / CVE Program· CNA mitre

CVE-2023-28461: Array Networks Array AG Series and vxAG (9.4.0.481 and earlier) allow remote code execution.

CriticalCVSS 9.8 · v3.1KEVWeaponized No fix recorded

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Now (action score 89/100)

CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild (Nov 25, 2024); it is known to be used in ransomware campaigns. Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Dec 16, 2024.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 68% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 99.3% of all records.
Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Patch today or shut off access. Until a fix is released, restrict access to the affected component and follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · CISA KEV · FIRST EPSS

Array Networks Array AG Series and vxAG (9.4.0.481 and earlier) allow remote code execution. An attacker can browse the filesystem on the SSL VPN gateway using a flags attribute in an HTTP header without authentication. The product could then be exploited through a vulnerable URL. The 2023-03-09 vendor advisory stated "a new Array AG release with the fix will be available soon."

Published: Mar 15, 2023
Updated: Aug 5, 2026
EPSS: 68.0% · 99th percentile
CWE: CWE-287

Report tools

JSON

Action score

Now

Patch today or shut off access.

CVSS: 39 / 40 · 9.8 / 10
CISA KEV: 30 / 30 · Listed
EPSS: 20 / 30 · 68.0%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: active
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Actively exploited in the wild

CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on Nov 25, 2024. That signals real attacks, not theory.

Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Dec 16, 2024.

Known to be used in ransomware campaigns.

Get told when this record changes

In CISA KEV: exploitation in the wild confirmed
Weaponized exploit exists
No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Is your version affected? Check it

Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
arraynetworks	arrayos ag	cpe:2.3:o:arraynetworks:arrayos_ag
arraynetworks	ag1000	cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1000
arraynetworks	ag1000t	cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1000t
arraynetworks	ag1000v5	cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1000v5
arraynetworks	ag1100v5	cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1100v5
arraynetworks	ag1150	cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1150
arraynetworks	ag1200	cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1200
arraynetworks	ag1200v5	cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1200v5
arraynetworks	ag1500	cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1500
arraynetworks	ag1500fips	cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1500fips
arraynetworks	ag1500v5	cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1500v5
arraynetworks	ag1600	cpe:2.3:h:arraynetworks:ag1600

and 2 more

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

arraynetworks arrayos agup to 9.4.0.481 inclusive

Same product

arraynetworks: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2025-66644Array Networks ArrayOS AG before 9.4.5.9 allows command injection, as exploited in the wild in August through December 2025.KEV
70This week
CVE-2023-51707MotionPro in Array ArrayOS AG before 9.4.0.505 on AG and vxAG allows remote command execution via crafted packets.
39Monitor
CVE-2022-42897Array Networks AG/vxAG with ArrayOS AG before 9.4.0.469 allows unauthenticated command injection that leads to privilege escalation and…
39Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2023-24613Feb 2, 2023 · The user interface of Array Networks AG Series and vxAG through 9.4.0.470 could allow a remote attacker to use the gdb tool to overwrite…
19Monitor
Later →CVE-2023-41121Aug 25, 2023 · Array AG OS before 9.4.0.499 allows denial of service: remote attackers can cause system service processes to crash through abnormal HTTP…
30Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

PublishedMar 15, 2023
CISA KEVNov 25, 2024+620 d
TodayNov 14, 2026+1340 d

Not on record for this CVE: EPSS history · patch commit or PR link · researcher credit · variant or chain candidate · public bounty program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
No account or password is required.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: None
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-287 · Improper Authentication

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Root cause

Authentication is added route by route instead of being enforced in one place. When a route added later bypasses the shared middleware, the session check never runs for it.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-287 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1app.use("/admin", requireSession, adminRouter);
2

3// Route added later skips the middleware
4app.post("/admin-api/config", updateConfig);

Fixed

1const admin = express.Router();
2admin.use(requireSession, requireRole("admin"));
3

4admin.post("/config", updateConfig);
5app.use("/admin", admin);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

Change log (0)

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

support.arraynetworks.net/prx/001/http/supportportal.arraynetworks.net/documentation/FieldNotice/Array_Networks_Security_Advisory_for_Remote_Code_Execution_Vulnerability_AG.pdf

Show all references (1 more)

www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-28461

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records