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CVE-2023-28204· NVD / CVE Program· CNA apple

An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved input validation.

An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in watchOS 9.5, tvOS 16.5, macOS Ventura 13.4, iOS 15.7.6 and iPadOS 15.7.6, Safari 16.5, iOS 16.5 and iPadOS 16.5. Processing web content may disclose sensitive information. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited.

MediumCVSS 6.5 · v3.1KEVWeaponized Fix available
Published
Jun 23, 2023
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
14.3% · 96th percentile
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Report tools

JSON

Action score

60

This week

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window.

CVSS
26 / 40 · 6.5 / 10
CISA KEV
30 / 30 · Listed
EPSS
4 / 30 · 14.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
active
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Actively exploited in the wild

CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on May 22, 2023. That signals real attacks, not theory.

Remediation deadline for government agencies: Jun 12, 2023.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
applesafari
appleipados
appleiphone os
applemacos
appletvos
applewatchos
webkitgtkwebkitgtk\+

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • apple ipadosbefore 15.7.6
  • apple ipados16.0 and later · before 16.5
  • apple iphone osbefore 15.7.6
  • apple iphone os16.0 and later · before 16.5
  • apple macos13.0 and later · before 13.4
  • apple safaribefore 16.5
  • apple tvosbefore 16.5
  • apple watchosbefore 9.5
  • webkitgtk webkitgtk+before 2.42.3

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (apple). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Apple iOS and iPadOS

    • unspecified and later · before 15.7affected
    • unspecified and later · before 16.5affected

  • Apple macOS

    • unspecified and later · before 13.4affected

  • Apple Safari

    • unspecified and later · before 16.5affected

  • Apple tvOS

    • unspecified and later · before 16.5affected

  • Apple watchOS

    • unspecified and later · before 9.5affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:8webkit2gtk3before 2.38.5-1.el8_8.42.38.5-1.el8_8.4
AlmaLinux:8webkit2gtk3-develbefore 2.38.5-1.el8_8.42.38.5-1.el8_8.4
AlmaLinux:8webkit2gtk3-jscbefore 2.38.5-1.el8_8.42.38.5-1.el8_8.4
AlmaLinux:8webkit2gtk3-jsc-develbefore 2.38.5-1.el8_8.42.38.5-1.el8_8.4
AlmaLinux:9webkit2gtk3before 2.38.5-1.el9_2.22.38.5-1.el9_2.2
AlmaLinux:9webkit2gtk3-develbefore 2.38.5-1.el9_2.22.38.5-1.el9_2.2
AlmaLinux:9webkit2gtk3-jscbefore 2.38.5-1.el9_2.22.38.5-1.el9_2.2
AlmaLinux:9webkit2gtk3-jsc-develbefore 2.38.5-1.el9_2.22.38.5-1.el9_2.2
Debian:11webkit2gtkbefore 2.40.2-1~deb11u12.40.2-1~deb11u1
Debian:12webkit2gtkbefore 2.40.2-1~deb12u12.40.2-1~deb12u1
Debian:12wpewebkitall versions—
Debian:13webkit2gtkbefore 2.40.2-12.40.2-1
Debian:13wpewebkitbefore 2.40.2-22.40.2-2
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamwebkit2gtk3before 0:2.38.5-1.el8_8.40:2.38.5-1.el8_8.4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamwebkit2gtk3-debuginfobefore 0:2.38.5-1.el8_8.40:2.38.5-1.el8_8.4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamwebkit2gtk3-debugsourcebefore 0:2.38.5-1.el8_8.40:2.38.5-1.el8_8.4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamwebkit2gtk3-develbefore 0:2.38.5-1.el8_8.40:2.38.5-1.el8_8.4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamwebkit2gtk3-devel-debuginfobefore 0:2.38.5-1.el8_8.40:2.38.5-1.el8_8.4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamwebkit2gtk3-jscbefore 0:2.38.5-1.el8_8.40:2.38.5-1.el8_8.4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamwebkit2gtk3-jsc-debuginfobefore 0:2.38.5-1.el8_8.40:2.38.5-1.el8_8.4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamwebkit2gtk3-jsc-develbefore 0:2.38.5-1.el8_8.40:2.38.5-1.el8_8.4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamwebkit2gtk3-jsc-devel-debuginfobefore 0:2.38.5-1.el8_8.40:2.38.5-1.el8_8.4
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamwebkit2gtk3before 0:2.38.5-1.el9_2.20:2.38.5-1.el9_2.2
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamwebkit2gtk3-debuginfobefore 0:2.38.5-1.el9_2.20:2.38.5-1.el9_2.2

+19

Same product

apple: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2023-28205A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management.KEV
    73This week
  • CVE-2023-32439A type confusion issue was addressed with improved checks.KEV
    72This week
  • CVE-2023-32435A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management.KEV
    72This week
  • CVE-2025-24201An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved checks to prevent unauthorized actions.KEV
    71This week
  • CVE-2023-37450The issue was addressed with improved checks.KEV
    71This week
  • CVE-2022-22620A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management.KEV
    70This week

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
AlmaLinux:webkit2gtk32.38.5-1.el9_2.2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
AlmaLinux:webkit2gtk3-devel2.38.5-1.el9_2.2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
AlmaLinux:webkit2gtk3-jsc2.38.5-1.el9_2.2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
AlmaLinux:webkit2gtk3-jsc-devel2.38.5-1.el9_2.2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
Debian:webkit2gtk2.40.2-1~deb12u1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
Debian:wpewebkit2.40.2-2 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)
openSUSE:webkit2gtk32.38.6-150200.75.2 · openSUSE:Leap 15.4Package registry (OSV)
openSUSE:webkit2gtk3-soup22.38.6-150400.4.42.4 · openSUSE:Leap 15.4Package registry (OSV)
openSUSE:webkit2gtk42.38.6-150400.4.42.4 · openSUSE:Leap 15.4Package registry (OSV)
Red Hat:webkit2gtk30:2.38.5-1.el9_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
Red Hat:webkit2gtk3-debuginfo0:2.38.5-1.el9_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
Red Hat:webkit2gtk3-debugsource0:2.38.5-1.el9_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
Red Hat:webkit2gtk3-devel0:2.38.5-1.el9_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
Red Hat:webkit2gtk3-devel-debuginfo0:2.38.5-1.el9_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
Red Hat:webkit2gtk3-jsc0:2.38.5-1.el9_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
Red Hat:webkit2gtk3-jsc-debuginfo0:2.38.5-1.el9_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
Red Hat:webkit2gtk3-jsc-devel0:2.38.5-1.el9_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
Red Hat:webkit2gtk3-jsc-devel-debuginfo0:2.38.5-1.el9_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
Rocky Linux:webkit2gtk30:2.38.5-1.el9_2.2 · Rocky Linux:9Package registry (OSV)
SUSE:webkit2gtk32.38.6-150200.75.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-LTSSPackage registry (OSV)
SUSE:webkit2gtk32.38.6-2.139.1 · SUSE:OpenStack Cloud 9Package registry (OSV)
SUSE:webkit2gtk3-soup22.38.6-150400.4.42.4 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP4Package registry (OSV)
SUSE:webkit2gtk42.38.6-150400.4.42.4 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP4Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. CISA KEV-33 d
  2. Published
  3. TodaySep 29, 2026+1194 d
EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
none
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-125 · Out-of-bounds Read

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.

We use this product, ask for help

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records