"git apply --reject" partially-controlled arbitrary file write

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

• fedoraproject fedora37
• fedoraproject fedora38
• git-scm git2.32.0 and later · before 2.32.7
• git-scm git2.33.0 and later · before 2.33.8
• git-scm git2.34.0 and later · before 2.34.8
• git-scm git2.35.0 and later · before 2.35.8
• git-scm gitbefore 2.30.9
• git-scm git2.37.0 and later · before 2.37.7
• git-scm git2.38.0 and later · before 2.38.5
• git-scm git2.39.0 and later · before 2.39.3
• git-scm git2.36.0 and later · before 2.36.6
• git-scm git2.31.0 and later · before 2.31.8
• git-scm git2.40.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

• git git

  • < 2.30.9, >= 2.31.0, < 2.31.8, >= 2.32.0, < 2.32.7, >= 2.33.0, < 2.33.8, >= 2.34.0, < 2.34.8, >= 2.35.0, < 2.35.8, >= 2.36.0, < 2.36.6, >= 2.37.0, < 2.37.7, >= 2.38.0, < 2.38.5, >= 2.39.0, < 2.39.3, >= 2.40.0, < 2.40.1affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

• CVE-2018-17456Git before 2.14.5, 2.15.x before 2.15.3, 2.16.x before 2.16.5, 2.17.x before 2.17.2, 2.18.x before 2.18.1, and 2.19.x before 2.19.1 allows r
  68This week
• CVE-2025-48384Git allows arbitrary code execution through broken config quotingKEV
  63This week
• CVE-2021-21300malicious repositories can execute remote code while cloning
  60This week

Published before and after this one in the same product

• ← EarlierCVE-2023-22490Feb 14, 2023 · Git vulnerable to local clone-based data exfiltration with non-local transports
  22Monitor
• ← EarlierCVE-2023-23946Feb 14, 2023 · Git's `git apply` overwriting paths outside the working tree
  30Monitor
• Later →CVE-2023-29007Apr 25, 2023 · Arbitrary configuration injection via `git submodule deinit`
  33Monitor

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Root cause

A user-supplied file name is joined with the allowed directory, but the result is never checked to confirm it is still inside that directory.

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

1const file = path.join(ROOT, req.query.name);2res.sendFile(file);

1const file = path.resolve(ROOT, req.query.name);2if (!file.startsWith(ROOT + path.sep)) {3  return res.sendStatus(400);4}5res.sendFile(file);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.