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CVE-2023-0458· NVD / CVE Program· CNA Google

Spectre V1 Gadget in do_prlimit in the Linux Kernel

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 18/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.72% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 52.9% of all records.
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
  • Fixed version: bpftool (AlmaLinux:8) 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9; kernel (AlmaLinux:8) 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9; kernel-abi-stablelists (AlmaLinux:8) 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9.
  • Mentioned 2 times in Turkish national cyber security advisories (siberguvenlik.gov.tr).

Low priority for now. Upgrade to bpftool (AlmaLinux:8) 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9; kernel (AlmaLinux:8) 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9; kernel-abi-stablelists (AlmaLinux:8) 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

A speculative pointer dereference problem exists in the Linux Kernel on the do_prlimit() function. The resource argument value is controlled and is used in pointer arithmetic for the 'rlim' variable and can be used to leak the contents. We recommend upgrading past version 6.1.8 or commit 739790605705ddcf18f21782b9c99ad7d53a8c11

MediumCVSS 4.7 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Apr 26, 2023
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.7% · 52th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

18

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
18 / 40 · 4.7 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.7%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
4.7
CNA · Google
5.3
0.6 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2023-0458

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel
debiandebian linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • debian debian linux10.0
  • linux linux kernelbefore 6.1.8
  • linux linux kernel6.2

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Google). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux Kernel

    • up to and including 6.1.8affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:8bpftoolbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernelbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-abi-stablelistsbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-corebefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-cross-headersbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debugbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-corebefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-develbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-modulesbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-develbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-docbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-headersbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-modulesbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-toolsbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-tools-libsbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-tools-libs-develbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-zfcpdumpbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-zfcpdump-corebefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-zfcpdump-develbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-zfcpdump-modulesbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8kernel-zfcpdump-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
AlmaLinux:8perfbefore 4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_94.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9

+96

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now
  • CVE-2016-5195Race condition in mm/gup.c in the Linux kernel 2.x through 4.x before 4.8.3 allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging incorrect haKEV
    83Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-0045Apr 25, 2023 · Incorrect indirect branch prediction barrier in the Linux Kernel
    31Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-2269Apr 25, 2023 · A denial of service problem was found, due to a possible recursive locking scenario, resulting in a deadlock in table_clear in drivers/md/dm
    17Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2023-31436Apr 28, 2023 · qfq_change_class in net/sched/sch_qfq.c in the Linux kernel before 6.2.13 allows an out-of-bounds write because lmax can exceed QFQ_MIN_LMAX
    31Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
almalinux:bpftool7.0.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-core5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-debug5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-core5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-devel5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-modules5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-modules-core5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-modules-extra5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-devel5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
debian:linux6.1.8-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
debian:linux-5.105.10.178-3~deb10u1 · Debian:10Package registry (OSV)
red hat:bpftool-debuginfo0:7.0.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debug-debuginfo0:5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debug-devel0:5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched0:5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debuginfo0:5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-devel0:5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-devel-matched0:5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug-debuginfo0:5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug-devel0:5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug-devel-matched0:5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debuginfo0:5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch640:5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
rocky linux:kernel-rt0:5.14.0-284.25.1.rt14.310.el9_2 · Rocky Linux:9Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

National notice (Türkiye Cybersecurity Directorate / USOM)

Official security notices citing this record; remediation advice is on the agency's page.

All national notices →

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
none
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-476 · NULL Pointer Dereference

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (3 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records