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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2022-49977: ftrace: Fix NULL pointer dereference in is_ftrace_trampoline when ftrace is dead

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.26% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 3.11, 3.13, 3.3.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 7.8, NVD 5.5.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 3.11, 3.13, 3.3 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ftrace: Fix NULL pointer dereference in is_ftrace_trampoline when ftrace is dead ftrace_startup does not remove ops from ftrace_ops_list when ftrace_startup_enable fails: register_ftrace_function ftrace_startup __register_ftrace_function ... add_ftrace_ops(&ftrace_ops_list, ops) ... ... ftrace_startup_enable // if ftrace failed to modify, ftrace_disabled is set to 1 ... return 0 // ops is in the ftrace_ops_list. When ftrace_disabled = 1, unregister_ftrace_function simply returns without doing anything: unregister_ftrace_function ftrace_shutdown if (unlikely(ftrace_disabled)) return -ENODEV; // return here, __unregister_ftrace_function is not executed, // as a result, ops is still in the ftrace_ops_list __unregister_ftrace_function ... If ops is dynamically allocated, it will be free later, in this case, is_ftrace_trampoline accesses NULL pointer: is_ftrace_trampoline ftrace_ops_trampoline do_for_each_ftrace_op(op, ftrace_ops_list) // OOPS! op may be NULL! Syzkaller reports as follows: [ 1203.506103] BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 000000000000010b [ 1203.508039] #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode [ 1203.508798] #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page [ 1203.509558] PGD 800000011660b067 P4D 800000011660b067 PUD 130fb8067 PMD 0 [ 1203.510560] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN PTI [ 1203.511189] CPU: 6 PID: 29532 Comm: syz-executor.2 Tainted: G B W 5.10.0 #8 [ 1203.512324] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.14.0-0-g155821a1990b-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 [ 1203.513895] RIP: 0010:is_ftrace_trampoline+0x26/0xb0 [ 1203.514644] Code: ff eb d3 90 41 55 41 54 49 89 fc 55 53 e8 f2 00 fd ff 48 8b 1d 3b 35 5d 03 e8 e6 00 fd ff 48 8d bb 90 00 00 00 e8 2a 81 26 00 <48> 8b ab 90 00 00 00 48 85 ed 74 1d e8 c9 00 fd ff 48 8d bb 98 00 [ 1203.518838] RSP: 0018:ffffc900012cf960 EFLAGS: 00010246 [ 1203.520092] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 000000000000007b RCX: ffffffff8a331866 [ 1203.521469] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000008 RDI: 000000000000010b [ 1203.522583] RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffffff8df18b07 [ 1203.523550] R10: fffffbfff1be3160 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000478399 [ 1203.524596] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffff888145088000 R15: 0000000000000008 [ 1203.525634] FS: 00007f429f5f4700(0000) GS:ffff8881daf00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 1203.526801] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 1203.527626] CR2: 000000000000010b CR3: 0000000170e1e001 CR4: 00000000003706e0 [ 1203.528611] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 [ 1203.529605] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Therefore, when ftrace_startup_enable fails, we need to rollback registration process and remove ops from ftrace_ops_list.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jun 18, 2025
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 18th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
5.5
CNA · Linux
7.8
2.3 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

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  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
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  • A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernelbefore 4.9.327
  • linux linux kernel4.10 and later · before 4.14.292
  • linux linux kernel4.15 and later · before 4.19.257
  • linux linux kernel4.20 and later · before 5.4.212
  • linux linux kernel5.5 and later · before 5.10.141
  • linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.65
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 5.19.7
  • linux linux kernel6.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 969a08e9048ddd0d655a19e692673cdb95116ce6, 51d351d5b949ae7204696ada7ef502ed34d34fb0, 2940c25bec92f40a3f7f32504b8ea115d1701892, 189f4e672fc1c086f78818affc810ef29dda42a3, 3.13affected
    • 8a56d7761d2d041ae5e8215d20b4167d8aa93f51 and later · before 8569b4ada1e0b9bfaa125bd0c0967918b6560fa2affected · git
    • 8a56d7761d2d041ae5e8215d20b4167d8aa93f51 and later · before 4c34a2a6c9927c239dd2e295a03d49b37b618d2caffected · git
    • 8a56d7761d2d041ae5e8215d20b4167d8aa93f51 and later · before ddffe882d74ef43a3494f0ab0c24baf076c45f96affected · git
    • 8a56d7761d2d041ae5e8215d20b4167d8aa93f51 and later · before 934e49f7d696afdae9f979abe3f308408184e17baffected · git
    • 8a56d7761d2d041ae5e8215d20b4167d8aa93f51 and later · before dbd8c8fc60480e3faa3ae7e27ebe03371ecd1b77affected · git
    • 8a56d7761d2d041ae5e8215d20b4167d8aa93f51 and later · before e4ae97295984ff1b9b340ed18ae1b066f36b7835affected · git
    • 8a56d7761d2d041ae5e8215d20b4167d8aa93f51 and later · before d81bd6671f45fde4c3ac7fd7733c6e3082ae9d8eaffected · git
    • 8a56d7761d2d041ae5e8215d20b4167d8aa93f51 and later · before c3b0f72e805f0801f05fa2aa52011c4bfc694c44affected · git
    • 3.2.54 and later · before 3.3affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:8bpftoolbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernelbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-abi-stablelistsbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-corebefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-cross-headersbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debugbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-corebefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-develbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-modulesbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-develbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-docbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-headersbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-modulesbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rtbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-corebefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debugbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-corebefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-develbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-modulesbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-develbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-modulesbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10

+96

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2022-49975Jun 18, 2025 · bpf: Don't redirect packets with invalid pkt_len
    31Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2022-49976Jun 18, 2025 · platform/x86: x86-android-tablets: Fix broken touchscreen on Chuwi Hi8 with Windows BIOS
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2022-49978Jun 18, 2025 · fbdev: fb_pm2fb: Avoid potential divide by zero error
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux3.11Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux3.13Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux3.3Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux3.5Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux4c34a2a6c9927c239dd2e295a03d49b37b618d2cVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux8569b4ada1e0b9bfaa125bd0c0967918b6560fa2Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux934e49f7d696afdae9f979abe3f308408184e17bVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxc3b0f72e805f0801f05fa2aa52011c4bfc694c44Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxd81bd6671f45fde4c3ac7fd7733c6e3082ae9d8eVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxdbd8c8fc60480e3faa3ae7e27ebe03371ecd1b77Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxddffe882d74ef43a3494f0ab0c24baf076c45f96Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxe4ae97295984ff1b9b340ed18ae1b066f36b7835Vendor (CNA)
almalinux:bpftool4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-abi-stablelists4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-core4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-cross-headers4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug-core4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug-devel4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug-modules4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug-modules-extra4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-devel4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-doc4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
debian:linux6.0.2-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
red hat:bpftool-debuginfo0:7.3.0-427.13.1.el9_4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debug-debuginfo0:5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debug-devel0:5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched0:5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debuginfo0:5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)

+21

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-476 · NULL Pointer Dereference

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (7 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records