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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2022-49471: rtw89: cfo: check mac_id to avoid out-of-bounds

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.32% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 03ed236480aeec8c2fd327a1ea6d711364c495e3, 97df85871a5b187609d30fca6d85b912d9e02f29, c32fafe68298bb599e825c298e1d0ba30186f0a5.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 03ed236480aeec8c2fd327a1ea6d711364c495e3, 97df85871a5b187609d30fca6d85b912d9e02f29, c32fafe68298bb599e825c298e1d0ba30186f0a5 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rtw89: cfo: check mac_id to avoid out-of-bounds Somehow, hardware reports incorrect mac_id and pollute memory. Check index before we access the array. UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in rtw89/phy.c:2517:23 index 188 is out of range for type 's32 [64]' CPU: 1 PID: 51550 Comm: irq/35-rtw89_pc Tainted: G OE Call Trace: <IRQ> show_stack+0x52/0x58 dump_stack_lvl+0x4c/0x63 dump_stack+0x10/0x12 ubsan_epilogue+0x9/0x45 __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds.cold+0x44/0x49 ? __alloc_skb+0x92/0x1d0 rtw89_phy_cfo_parse+0x44/0x7f [rtw89_core] rtw89_core_rx+0x261/0x871 [rtw89_core] ? __alloc_skb+0xee/0x1d0 rtw89_pci_napi_poll+0x3fa/0x4ea [rtw89_pci] __napi_poll+0x33/0x1a0 net_rx_action+0x126/0x260 ? __queue_work+0x217/0x4c0 __do_softirq+0xd9/0x315 ? disable_irq_nosync+0x10/0x10 do_softirq.part.0+0x6d/0x90 </IRQ> <TASK> __local_bh_enable_ip+0x62/0x70 rtw89_pci_interrupt_threadfn+0x182/0x1a6 [rtw89_pci] irq_thread_fn+0x28/0x60 irq_thread+0xc8/0x190 ? irq_thread_fn+0x60/0x60 kthread+0x16b/0x190 ? irq_thread_check_affinity+0xe0/0xe0 ? set_kthread_struct+0x50/0x50 ret_from_fork+0x22/0x30 </TASK>

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Feb 26, 2025
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
EPSS
0.3% · 25th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

31

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
7.8
CNA · Linux
8.8
1.0 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2022-49471

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernelbefore 5.17.14
  • linux linux kernel5.18 and later · before 5.18.3

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 5.16affected
    • e3ec7017f6a20d12ddd9fe23d345ebb7b8c104dd and later · before 03ed236480aeec8c2fd327a1ea6d711364c495e3affected · git
    • e3ec7017f6a20d12ddd9fe23d345ebb7b8c104dd and later · before c32fafe68298bb599e825c298e1d0ba30186f0a5affected · git
    • e3ec7017f6a20d12ddd9fe23d345ebb7b8c104dd and later · before 97df85871a5b187609d30fca6d85b912d9e02f29affected · git
    • before 5.16not affected · semver
    • 5.17.14 and later · up to and including 5.17.*not affected · semver
    • 5.18.3 and later · up to and including 5.18.*not affected · semver
    • 5.19 and laternot affected · original_commit_for_fix

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 5.18.5-15.18.5-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2022-49469Feb 26, 2025 · btrfs: fix anon_dev leak in create_subvol()
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2022-49470Feb 26, 2025 · Bluetooth: btmtksdio: fix use-after-free at btmtksdio_recv_event
    35Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2022-49472Feb 26, 2025 · net: phy: micrel: Allow probing without .driver_data
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux03ed236480aeec8c2fd327a1ea6d711364c495e3Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux97df85871a5b187609d30fca6d85b912d9e02f29Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxc32fafe68298bb599e825c298e1d0ba30186f0a5Vendor (CNA)
debian:linux5.18.5-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2021-47548278 days apartethernet: hisilicon: hns: hns_dsaf_misc: fix a possible array overflow in hns_dsaf_ge_srst_by_port()
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2026-64018508 days apartnet: mana: validate rx_req_idx to prevent out-of-bounds array access
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2026-23246385 days apartwifi: mac80211: bounds-check link_id in ieee80211_ml_reconfiguration
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2026-43110434 days apartwifi: brcmfmac: validate bsscfg indices in IF events
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2026-43172434 days apartwifi: iwlwifi: fix 22000 series SMEM parsing
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2022-495480 days apartbpf: Fix potential array overflow in bpf_trampoline_get_progs()
    31Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-129 · Improper Validation of Array Index

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records