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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Zabbix

CVE-2022-23131: Unsafe client-side session storage leading to authentication bypass/instance takeover via Zabbix Frontend with configured SAML

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Now (action score 98/100)

  • CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild (Feb 22, 2022). Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Mar 8, 2022.
  • A ready-made attack module is public (Nuclei); exploiting it takes no special expertise.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 95.6% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 99.8% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.
  • Mentioned 1 time in Turkish national cyber security advisories (siberguvenlik.gov.tr).

Patch today or shut off access. Until a fix is released, restrict access to the affected component and follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · CISA KEV · FIRST EPSS

In the case of instances where the SAML SSO authentication is enabled (non-default), session data can be modified by a malicious actor, because a user login stored in the session was not verified. Malicious unauthenticated actor may exploit this issue to escalate privileges and gain admin access to Zabbix Frontend. To perform the attack, SAML authentication is required to be enabled and the actor has to know the username of Zabbix user (or use the guest account, which is disabled by default).

CriticalCVSS 9.8 · v3.1KEVWeaponized No fix recorded
Published
Jan 13, 2022
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
95.6% · 99th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

98

Now

Patch today or shut off access.

CVSS
39 / 40 · 9.8 / 10
CISA KEV
30 / 30 · Listed
EPSS
29 / 30 · 95.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
active
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
9.8
CNA · Zabbix
9.1
0.7 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Actively exploited in the wild

CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on Feb 22, 2022. That signals real attacks, not theory.

Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Mar 8, 2022.

Get told when this record changes

  • In CISA KEV: exploitation in the wild confirmed
  • Weaponized exploit exists
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2022-23131

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
zabbixzabbix

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • zabbix zabbix5.4.0 and later · up to 5.4.8 inclusive
  • zabbix zabbix6.0.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Zabbix). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Zabbix Frontend

    • 5.4.0 - 5.4.8affected
    • 5.4.9 and later · before 5.4.9*not affected

Same product

zabbix: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2022-23134Possible view of the setup pages by unauthenticated users if config file already existsKEV
    80Now
  • CVE-2016-10134SQL injection vulnerability in Zabbix before 2.2.14 and 3.0 before 3.0.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the t
    64This week
  • CVE-2024-42327SQL injection in user.get API
    63This week

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2020-11800Oct 7, 2020 · Zabbix Server 2.2.x and 3.0.x before 3.0.31, and 3.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code.
    42Plan
  • ← EarlierCVE-2021-27927Mar 3, 2021 · In Zabbix from 4.0.x before 4.0.28rc1, 5.0.0alpha1 before 5.0.10rc1, 5.2.x before 5.2.6rc1, and 5.4.0alpha1 before 5.4.0beta2, the CControll
    36Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2022-23132Jan 13, 2022 · Incorrect permissions of [/var/run/zabbix] forces dac_override
    29Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Evidence

  • Nuclei detection template ×1
  • Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×20

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
SourceKindDate
Nuclei detection templateNuclei template CVE-2022-23131 —
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:942022-02-18
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:1552022-02-18
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:32022-02-18
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:12022-02-21
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:292022-02-22
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:82022-02-23
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:12022-02-24
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:22022-02-24
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:12022-02-27
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:152022-02-28
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:112022-04-02

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Published
  2. First PoC+35 d
  3. CISA KEV+39 d
  4. TodayNov 7, 2026+1759 d

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

—

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

  • CVE-2021-4608814 days apartZabbix 4.0 LTS, 4.2, 4.4, and 5.0 LTS is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution (RCE).
    29Monitor

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

National notice (Türkiye Cybersecurity Directorate / USOM)

Official security notices citing this record; remediation advice is on the agency's page.

All national notices →

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-290 · Authentication Bypass by Spoofing

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records