CVE-2021-28972: In drivers/pci/hotplug/rpadlpar_sysfs.c in the Linux kernel through 5.11.8, the RPA PCI Hotplug driver has a user-tolerable buffer overflow
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Monitor (action score 26/100)
- The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.80% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 56.9% of all records.
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
- Fixed version: linux (Debian:12) 5.10.26-1; linux-4.19 (Debian:9) 4.19.194-1~deb9u1; kernel-debug (openSUSE:Leap 15.2) 5.3.18-lp152.69.1.
Low priority for now. Upgrade to linux (Debian:12) 5.10.26-1; linux-4.19 (Debian:9) 4.19.194-1~deb9u1; kernel-debug (openSUSE:Leap 15.2) 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
In drivers/pci/hotplug/rpadlpar_sysfs.c in the Linux kernel through 5.11.8, the RPA PCI Hotplug driver has a user-tolerable buffer overflow when writing a new device name to the driver from userspace, allowing userspace to write data to the kernel stack frame directly. This occurs because add_slot_store and remove_slot_store mishandle drc_name '\0' termination, aka CID-cc7a0bb058b8.
- Published
- Mar 22, 2021
- Updated
- Oct 8, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.8% · 56th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-120
Report tools
Action score
26
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 26 / 40 · 6.7 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.8%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- total
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
Get told when this record changes
- Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
- No public exploit code on record
- A fix has been released
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
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Noroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| linux | linux kernel | cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel |
| fedoraproject | fedora | cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora |
| netapp | cloud backup | cpe:2.3:a:netapp:cloud_backup |
| netapp | fas/aff baseboard management controller | cpe:2.3:a:netapp:fas/aff_baseboard_management_controller |
| netapp | solidfire baseboard management controller firmware | cpe:2.3:o:netapp:solidfire_baseboard_management_controller_firmware |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- fedoraproject fedora32
- fedoraproject fedora33
- fedoraproject fedora34
- linux linux kernelafter 4.15 · up to 4.19.183 inclusive
- linux linux kernel4.20 and later · before 5.4.108
- linux linux kernel5.5.0 and later · before 5.10.26
- linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.11.9
- linux linux kernelbefore 4.4.263
- linux linux kernelafter 4.5 · up to 4.9.263 inclusive
- linux linux kernel4.10 and later · before 4.14.227
- netapp cloud backupall versions
- netapp fas/aff baseboard management controllerall versions
- netapp solidfire baseboard management controller firmwareall versions
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:12 | linux | before 5.10.26-1 | 5.10.26-1 |
| Debian:9 | linux-4.19 | before 4.19.194-1~deb9u1 | 4.19.194-1~deb9u1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | kernel-debug | before 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | kernel-default | before 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | kernel-default-base | before 5.3.18-lp152.69.1.lp152.8.28.1 | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1.lp152.8.28.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | kernel-docs | before 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | kernel-kvmsmall | before 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | kernel-obs-build | before 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | kernel-obs-qa | before 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | kernel-preempt | before 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | kernel-source | before 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | kernel-syms | before 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 |
| SUSE:HPE Helion OpenStack 8 | kernel-default | before 4.4.180-94.144.1 | 4.4.180-94.144.1 |
| SUSE:HPE Helion OpenStack 8 | kernel-source | before 4.4.180-94.144.1 | 4.4.180-94.144.1 |
| SUSE:HPE Helion OpenStack 8 | kernel-syms | before 4.4.180-94.144.1 | 4.4.180-94.144.1 |
| SUSE:HPE Helion OpenStack 8 | kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP3_Update_39 | before 1-4.3.1 | 1-4.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP2 | kernel-azure | before 5.3.18-18.41.1 | 5.3.18-18.41.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP2 | kernel-source-azure | before 5.3.18-18.41.1 | 5.3.18-18.41.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP2 | kernel-syms-azure | before 5.3.18-18.41.1 | 5.3.18-18.41.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5 | kernel-rt | before 4.12.14-10.37.1 | 4.12.14-10.37.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5 | kernel-rt_debug | before 4.12.14-10.37.1 | 4.12.14-10.37.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5 | kernel-source-rt | before 4.12.14-10.37.1 | 4.12.14-10.37.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5 | kernel-syms-rt | before 4.12.14-10.37.1 | 4.12.14-10.37.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4-LTSS | kernel-bigmem | before 3.0.101-108.126.1 | 3.0.101-108.126.1 |
+14
Same product
linux: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV90Now
- CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV89Now
- CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV85Now
Published before and after this one in the same product
- ← EarlierCVE-2021-28964Mar 22, 2021 · A race condition was discovered in get_old_root in fs/btrfs/ctree.c in the Linux kernel through 5.11.8.18Monitor
- ← EarlierCVE-2021-28971Mar 22, 2021 · In intel_pmu_drain_pebs_nhm in arch/x86/events/intel/ds.c in the Linux kernel through 5.11.8 on some Haswell CPUs, userspace applications (s22Monitor
- Later →CVE-2021-20219Mar 23, 2021 · A denial of service vulnerability was found in n_tty_receive_char_special in drivers/tty/n_tty.c of the Linux kernel.22Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| debian:linux | 5.10.26-1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| debian:linux-4.19 | 4.19.194-1~deb9u1 · Debian:9 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-debug | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-default | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-default-base | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1.lp152.8.28.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-docs | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-kvmsmall | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-obs-build | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-obs-qa | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-preempt | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-source | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-syms | 5.3.18-lp152.69.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-azure | 4.12.14-16.50.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-bigmem | 3.0.101-108.126.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4-LTSS | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-default | 3.0.101-108.126.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4-LTSS | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-ec2 | 3.0.101-108.126.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4-LTSS | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-pae | 3.0.101-108.126.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4-LTSS | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-ppc64 | 3.0.101-108.126.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4-LTSS | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-rt | 4.12.14-10.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-rt_debug | 4.12.14-10.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-source-azure | 4.12.14-16.50.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-source-rt | 4.12.14-10.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-syms-azure | 4.12.14-16.50.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-syms-rt | 4.12.14-10.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- Administrator privileges are required.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- High
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-120 · Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd-primary
Root cause
When data is copied, the source length is not compared with the size of the destination buffer. Excess data overwrites adjacent memory.
The bug in code
The whole CWE-120 classA representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.
Vulnerable
char buf[256];
memcpy(buf, pkt->data, pkt->len);Fixed
char buf[256];
if (pkt->len > sizeof(buf)) {
return -EINVAL;
}
memcpy(buf, pkt->data, pkt->len);Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
- Buffer Overflow via Environment VariablesCAPEC-10likelihood: High · High
- Overflow BuffersCAPEC-100likelihood: High · Very High
- Client-side Injection-induced Buffer OverflowCAPEC-14likelihood: Medium · High
- Filter Failure through Buffer OverflowCAPEC-24likelihood: High · High
- MIME ConversionCAPEC-42likelihood: High · High
- Overflow Binary Resource FileCAPEC-44likelihood: High · Very High
- Buffer Overflow via Symbolic LinksCAPEC-45likelihood: High · High
- Overflow Variables and TagsCAPEC-46likelihood: High · High
ATT&CK techniques
—
Change log
- SSVC exploitation— → none
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
Show all references (4 more)Show less
- lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/4VCKIOXCOZGXBEZMO5LGGV5MWCHO6FT3/
- lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PTRNPQTZ4GVS46SZ4OBXY5YDOGVPSTGQ/
- lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/T2S3I4SLRNRUQDOFYUS6IUAZMQNMPNLG/
- security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210430-0003/
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.