The implementations of EAP-PWD in hostapd EAP Server do not validate the scalar and element values in EAP-pwd-Commit
The implementations of EAP-PWD in hostapd EAP Server, when built against a crypto library missing explicit validation on imported elements, do not validate the scalar and element values in EAP-pwd-Commit. An attacker may be able to use invalid scalar/element values to complete authentication, gaining session key and network access without needing or learning the password. Both hostapd with SAE support and wpa_supplicant with SAE support prior to and including version 2.4 are affected. Both hostapd with EAP-pwd support and wpa_supplicant with EAP-pwd support prior to and including version 2.7 are affected.
- Published
- Apr 17, 2019
- Updated
- Jun 16, 2026
- EPSS
- 2.2% · 82th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-346
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Report tools
Action score
33
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 32 / 40 · 8.1 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 1 / 30 · 2.2%
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
We don't hand-write analysis for the hundreds of thousands of vulnerabilities in the database; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| w1.fi | hostapd | cpe:2.3:a:w1.fi:hostapd |
| w1.fi | wpa supplicant | cpe:2.3:a:w1.fi:wpa_supplicant |
| fedoraproject | fedora | cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora |
| opensuse | backports sle | cpe:2.3:a:opensuse:backports_sle |
| opensuse | leap | cpe:2.3:o:opensuse:leap |
| debian | debian linux | cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux |
| synology | radius server | cpe:2.3:a:synology:radius_server |
| synology | router manager | cpe:2.3:a:synology:router_manager |
| freebsd | freebsd | cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- debian debian linux8.0
- fedoraproject fedora28
- fedoraproject fedora29
- fedoraproject fedora30
- freebsd freebsd11.0 and later · up to 11.1 inclusive
- freebsd freebsd11.2
- freebsd freebsd12.0
- opensuse backports sle15.0
- opensuse leap15.1
- synology radius server3.0
- synology router manager1.2
- w1.fi hostapdup to 2.4 inclusive
- w1.fi hostapd2.5 and later · up to 2.7 inclusive
- w1.fi wpa supplicant2.5 and later · up to 2.7 inclusive
- w1.fi wpa supplicantup to 2.4 inclusive
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (certcc). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Wi-Fi Alliance hostapd with EAP-pwd support
- 2.7 and later · up to and including 2.7affected
Wi-Fi Alliance hostapd with SAE support
- 2.4 and later · up to and including 2.4affected
Wi-Fi Alliance wpa_supplicant with EAP-pwd support
- 2.7 and later · up to and including 2.7affected
Wi-Fi Alliance wpa_supplicant with SAE support
- 2.4 and later · up to and including 2.4affected
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine:v3.10 | wpa_supplicant | from 2.5 · before 2.7-r2 | 2.7-r2 |
| Debian:12 | wpa | before 2:2.7+git20190128+0c1e29f-4 | 2:2.7+git20190128+0c1e29f-4 |
| Debian:8 | wpa | before 2.3-1+deb8u8 | 2.3-1+deb8u8 |
| Debian:9 | wpa | before 2:2.4-1+deb9u3 | 2:2.4-1+deb9u3 |
| SUSE:HPE Helion OpenStack 8 | wpa_supplicant | before 2.9-15.22.1 | 2.9-15.22.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5 | wpa_supplicant | before 2.9-23.3.1 | 2.9-23.3.1 |
| SUSE:Package Hub 15 | hostapd | before 2.9-bp151.5.3.1 | 2.9-bp151.5.3.1 |
| SUSE:Package Hub 15 | hostapd | before 2.9-bp151.5.3.1 | 2.9-bp151.5.3.1 |
Same product
w1.fi: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2022-23304The implementations of EAP-pwd in hostapd before 2.10 and wpa_supplicant before 2.10 are vulnerable to side-channel attacks as a result of c40Plan
- CVE-2022-23303The implementations of SAE in hostapd before 2.10 and wpa_supplicant before 2.10 are vulnerable to side channel attacks as a result of cache40Plan
- CVE-2019-9499The implementations of EAP-PWD in wpa_supplicant EAP Peer do not validate the scalar and element values in EAP-pwd-Commit33Monitor
- CVE-2019-9497The implementations of EAP-PWD in hostapd EAP Server and wpa_supplicant EAP Peer do not validate the scalar and element values in EAP-pwd-Commit33Monitor
- CVE-2019-10064hostapd before 2.6, in EAP mode, makes calls to the rand() and random() standard library functions without any preceding srand() or srandom(31Monitor
- CVE-2019-9496An invalid authentication sequence could result in the hostapd process terminating due to missing state validation steps31Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| alpine:wpa_supplicant | 2.7-r2 · Alpine:v3.10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| debian:wpa | 2:2.7+git20190128+0c1e29f-4 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:hostapd | 2.9-bp151.5.3.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:hostapd | 2.9-bp151.5.3.1 · SUSE:Package Hub 15 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:wpa_supplicant | 2.9-23.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- No account or password is required.
- No user action is required.
- Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- High
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-346 · Origin Validation ErrorCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
- JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)CAPEC-111likelihood: High · High
- Cache PoisoningCAPEC-141likelihood: High · High
- DNS Cache PoisoningCAPEC-142likelihood: High · High
- Exploit Script-Based APIsCAPEC-160Medium
- Exploitation of Trusted IdentifiersCAPEC-21likelihood: High · High
- Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-MiddleCAPEC-384Low
- Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API ManipulationCAPEC-385Medium
- Application API Navigation RemappingCAPEC-386Medium
ATT&CK techniques
- Access Token ManipulationT1134
- Access Token Manipulation:Token Impersonation/TheftT1134.001
- Steal Application Access TokenT1528
- Steal Web Session CookieT1539
- Use Alternate Authentication Material:Web Session CookieT1550.004
- Adversary-in-the-Middle: ARP Cache PoisoningT1557.002
- Compromise Infrastructure: DNS ServerT1584.002
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-02/msg00021.html
- lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/07/msg00030.html
- lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/56OBBOJJSKRTDGEXZOVFSTP4HDSDBLAE/
- lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SVMJOFEYBGXZLFF5IOLW67SSOPKFEJP3/
- lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TDOZGR3T7FVO5JSZWK2QPR7AOFIEJTIZ/
- seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/May/40
- security.FreeBSD.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-19:03.wpa.asc
- w1.fi/security/2019-4/
- www.synology.com/security/advisory/Synology_SA_19_16
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.