NVD / CVE Program· CNA mitre

CVE-2019-25045: An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 5.0.19.

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.50% (FIRST EPSS).
Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
Fixed version: linux (Debian:12) 5.2.6-1; kernel-default (SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 12 SP5) 4.12.14-122.77.1; kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_20 (SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5) 1-8.3.1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to linux (Debian:12) 5.2.6-1; kernel-default (SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 12 SP5) 4.12.14-122.77.1; kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_20 (SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5) 1-8.3.1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 5.0.19. The XFRM subsystem has a use-after-free, related to an xfrm_state_fini panic, aka CID-dbb2483b2a46.

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Memory safety

Published: Jun 7, 2021
Updated: Jun 16, 2026
EPSS: 0.5% · 42th percentile
CWE: CWE-416

Report tools

JSON

Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 0.5%

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
No public exploit code on record
A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
linux	linux kernel	cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel
netapp	solidfire baseboard management controller firmware	cpe:2.3:o:netapp:solidfire_baseboard_management_controller_firmware
netapp	solidfire baseboard management controller	cpe:2.3:h:netapp:solidfire_baseboard_management_controller
netapp	cloud backup	cpe:2.3:a:netapp:cloud_backup
netapp	solidfire \& hci management node	cpe:2.3:a:netapp:solidfire_\&_hci_management_node
netapp	h500s firmware	cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h500s_firmware
netapp	h500s	cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h500s
netapp	h700s firmware	cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h700s_firmware
netapp	h700s	cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h700s
netapp	h300e firmware	cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h300e_firmware
netapp	h300e	cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h300e
netapp	h500e firmware	cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h500e_firmware

and 29 more

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

linux linux kernelbefore 5.0.19
netapp aff 8300 firmwareall versions
netapp aff 8700 firmwareall versions
netapp aff a400 firmwareall versions
netapp aff a700s firmwareall versions
netapp cloud backupall versions
netapp fabric-attached storage a400 firmwareall versions
netapp fas 8300 firmwareall versions
netapp fas 8700 firmwareall versions
netapp h300e firmwareall versions
netapp h300s firmwareall versions
netapp h410c firmwareall versions
netapp h410s firmwareall versions
netapp h500e firmwareall versions
netapp h500s firmwareall versions
netapp h610c firmwareall versions
netapp h610s firmwareall versions
netapp h615c firmwareall versions
netapp h700e firmwareall versions
netapp h700s firmwareall versions

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Ecosystem	Package	Affected range	Fix
Debian:12	linux	before 5.2.6-1	5.2.6-1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 12 SP5	kernel-default	before 4.12.14-122.77.1	4.12.14-122.77.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5	kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_20	before 1-8.3.1	1-8.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5	kernel-rt	before 4.12.14-10.49.1	4.12.14-10.49.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5	kernel-rt_debug	before 4.12.14-10.49.1	4.12.14-10.49.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5	kernel-source-rt	before 4.12.14-10.49.1	4.12.14-10.49.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5	kernel-syms-rt	before 4.12.14-10.49.1	4.12.14-10.49.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5	kernel-azure	before 4.12.14-16.62.1	4.12.14-16.62.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5	kernel-source	before 4.12.14-122.77.1	4.12.14-122.77.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5	kernel-source-azure	before 4.12.14-16.62.1	4.12.14-16.62.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5	kernel-syms	before 4.12.14-122.77.1	4.12.14-122.77.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5	kernel-syms-azure	before 4.12.14-16.62.1	4.12.14-16.62.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP5	kernel-docs	before 4.12.14-122.77.1	4.12.14-122.77.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP5	kernel-obs-build	before 4.12.14-122.77.1	4.12.14-122.77.1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

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Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2020-36385Jun 7, 2021 · An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 5.10.
31Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2018-25015Jun 7, 2021 · An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 4.14.16.
31Monitor
Later →CVE-2020-36386Jun 7, 2021 · An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 5.8.1.
28Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
debian:linux	5.2.6-1 · Debian:12	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-azure	4.12.14-16.62.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default	4.12.14-122.77.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 12 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-docs	4.12.14-122.77.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-obs-build	4.12.14-122.77.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-rt	4.12.14-10.49.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-rt_debug	4.12.14-10.49.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source	4.12.14-122.77.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source-azure	4.12.14-16.62.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source-rt	4.12.14-10.49.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-syms	4.12.14-122.77.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-syms-azure	4.12.14-16.62.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_20	1-8.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5	Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

git.kernel.orgpatch

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
A low-privileged account is enough.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Local
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-416 · Use After Free

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Root cause

After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-416 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1free(dev->buf);
2/* ... another thread is still running ... */
3process(dev->buf);

Fixed

1lock(&dev->lock);
2free(dev->buf);
3dev->buf = NULL;
4unlock(&dev->lock);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

Fix✗ → ✓Sep 28, 2026, 10:48 PM UTC

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v5.x/ChangeLog-5.0.19

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records