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NVD / CVE Program· CNA VulnCheck

CVE-2025-71392: SurrealDB before 2.2.2 SurrealQL Injection via export

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 37/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.44% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: surrealdb surrealdb 2.0.5, 2.1.5, 2.2.2.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to surrealdb surrealdb 2.0.5, 2.1.5, 2.2.2 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 fails to properly escape table and field names in the command-line export command. An authenticated System User with OWNER or EDITOR roles can create tables or fields with malicious names containing SurrealQL. When a higher-privileged user subsequently imports the exported backup, the injected SurrealQL executes, enabling privilege escalation and root-level takeover of the SurrealDB instance. Applications that let users define custom tables or fields are also exposed to a universal second-order SurrealQL injection even when query parameters are sanitized.

CriticalCVSS 9.4 · v4.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jul 18, 2026
Updated
Oct 29, 2026
EPSS
0.4% · 38th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

37

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
37 / 40 · 9.4 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.4%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · VulnCheck
9.4
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-71392

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
surrealdbsurrealdb

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • surrealdb surrealdbbefore 2.0.5
  • surrealdb surrealdb2.1.0 and later · before 2.1.5
  • surrealdb surrealdb2.2.0 and later · before 2.2.2

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (VulnCheck). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • surrealdb surrealdb

    • 2.2.2, 2.1.5, 2.0.5not affected
    • 2.2.0 and later · before 2.2.2affected · semver
    • 2.1.0 and later · before 2.1.5affected · semver
    • before 2.0.5affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
crates.iosurrealdbfrom 2.1.0 · before 2.1.52.1.5
crates.iosurrealdbfrom 2.2.0 · before 2.2.22.2.2
crates.iosurrealdbbefore 2.0.52.0.5

Same product

surrealdb: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-63756SurrealDB before 3.1.0 Privilege Escalation via RPC Session Race Condition
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2024-58366SurrealDB before 1.1.1 Format String via Scripting Functions
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2026-109343SurrealDB before 3.3.0 Cross-Tenant Access via USE Statement
    34Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-71390Jul 18, 2026 · SurrealDB before 2.3.6 deny-net Bypass via DNS Resolution
    23Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-71391Jul 18, 2026 · SurrealDB before 2.2.2 Denial of Service via /sql endpoint
    28Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-71393Jul 18, 2026 · SurrealDB before 2.2.2 Memory Exhaustion via Nested Functions
    24Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
surrealdb surrealdb2.0.5Vendor (CNA)
surrealdb surrealdb2.1.5Vendor (CNA)
surrealdb surrealdb2.2.2Vendor (CNA)
crates.io:surrealdb2.0.5Package registry (OSV)
crates.io:surrealdb2.1.5Package registry (OSV)
crates.io:surrealdb2.2.2Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

—

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

  • CVE-2024-583630 days apartSurrealDB before 1.5.4 Authentication Bypass via Database Switch
    21Monitor

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
P
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-77 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records