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NVD / CVE Program· CNA mitre

CVE-2025-59788: Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in a reachable files_pdfviewer example directory in Nextcloud with versions before 22.2.10.33, 23.0

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 21/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.30% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. A user must open a link or visit a page. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Low priority for now. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in a reachable files_pdfviewer example directory in Nextcloud with versions before 22.2.10.33, 23.0.12.29, 24.0.12.28, 25.0.13.23, 26.0.13.20, 27.1.11.20, 28.0.14.11, 29.0.16.8, 30.0.17, 31.0.10, and 32.0.1 allows attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the context of a user's browser via a crafted PDF file to viewer.html. This issue is related to CVE-2024-4367, but the root cause of this Nextcloud issue is that the product exposes executable example code on a same-origin basis.

MediumCVSS 5.4 · v3.1—No exploit No fix recorded
Published
Dec 4, 2025
Updated
Oct 18, 2026
EPSS
0.3% · 22th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

21

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
21 / 40 · 5.4 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
5.4
CNA · mitre
6.4
1.0 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-59788

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

One daily email digest (06:00 UTC); connect a webhook for KEV listings and weaponized exploits instantly.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
nextcloudnextcloud server

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • nextcloud nextcloud server30.0.0 and later · before 30.0.17
  • nextcloud nextcloud server31.0.0 and later · before 31.0.10
  • nextcloud nextcloud server32.0.0 and later · before 32.0.1
  • nextcloud nextcloud server22.0.0 and later · before 22.2.10.33
  • nextcloud nextcloud server23.0.0 and later · before 23.0.12.29
  • nextcloud nextcloud server24.0.0 and later · before 24.0.12.28
  • nextcloud nextcloud server25.0.0 and later · before 25.0.13.23
  • nextcloud nextcloud server26.0.0 and later · before 26.0.13.20
  • nextcloud nextcloud server27.0.0 and later · before 27.1.11.20
  • nextcloud nextcloud server28.0.0 and later · before 28.0.14.11
  • nextcloud nextcloud server29.0.0 and later · before 29.0.16.8

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (mitre). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Nextcloud Nextcloud

    • before 22.2.10.33affected
    • 23 and later · before 23.0.12.29affected
    • 24 and later · before 24.0.12.28affected
    • 25 and later · before 25.0.13.23affected
    • 26 and later · before 26.0.13.20affected
    • 27 and later · before 27.1.11.20affected
    • 28 and later · before 28.0.14.11affected
    • 29 and later · before 29.0.16.8affected
    • 30 and later · before 30.0.17affected
    • 31 and later · before 31.0.10affected

Same product

nextcloud: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2023-26482Scope of workflow operations is not validated in nextcloud server
    40Plan
  • CVE-2021-32802Preview generation used third-party library not suited for user-generated content in Nextcloud server
    40Plan
  • CVE-2021-32726Webauthn tokens not removed after user has been deleted
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-47791May 16, 2025 · Nextcloud Server's test remote endpoint is not rate limited
    21Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-47794May 16, 2025 · Nextcloud Server vulnerable to insecure temporary file creation, race with write access and permission
    17Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-66510Dec 5, 2025 · Nextcloud Server Contacts Search allowed users to retrieve contact information of other users beyond their contact list
    19Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

—

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

  • CVE-2026-45690179 days apartNextcloud: Two-Factor Authentication Bypass via Pending Session Token Replay
    23Monitor
  • CVE-2026-45691179 days apartNextcloud: Bypass of second factor authentication on DAV endpoints
    23Monitor
  • CVE-2026-45283179 days apartNextcloud: Files Lock app allows users to lock and unlock files of other users
    17Monitor

Bug bounty scope

The product’s vendor appears in a public program. Matched by name; verify the scope text in the program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
low · data can be read
Integrity
low · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
none

Impact can extend beyond the vulnerable component (scope changes).

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality impact
Low
Integrity impact
Low
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-749 · Exposed Dangerous Method or Function

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records