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NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2026-59197: Pillow: Heap out-of-bounds write in Pillow `ImageFilter.RankFilter` via integer overflow in `ImagingExpand`

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 32/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.44% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • Fixed version: python-pillow Pillow 12.3.0.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to python-pillow Pillow 12.3.0 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, Pillow's public rank-filter API can trigger a native heap out-of-bounds write when given a very large odd filter size because ImageFilter.RankFilter.filter() calls image.expand(size // 2, size // 2) before rank-filter size validation and ImagingExpand() computes output dimensions with unchecked signed int arithmetic. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.

HighCVSS 8.2 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jul 14, 2026
Updated
Oct 24, 2026
EPSS
0.4% · 38th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

32

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
32 / 40 · 8.2 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.4%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · GitHub_M
8.2
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2026-59197

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
pythonpillow

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • python pillowbefore 12.3.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • python-pillow Pillow

    • < 12.3.0affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:8python3-pillowbefore 5.1.1-23.el8_105.1.1-23.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8python3-pillow-develbefore 5.1.1-23.el8_105.1.1-23.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8python3-pillow-docbefore 5.1.1-23.el8_105.1.1-23.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8python3-pillow-tkbefore 5.1.1-23.el8_105.1.1-23.el8_10
Debian:12pillowfrom 0—
Debian:14pillowbefore 12.3.0-112.3.0-1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0python-Pillowbefore 11.3.0-160000.8.111.3.0-160000.8.1
PyPIpillowbefore 12.3.012.3.0
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.5::el8receptorbefore 0:1.6.7-1.el8ap0:1.6.7-1.el8ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.5::el8receptorctlbefore 0:1.6.7-1.el8ap0:1.6.7-1.el8ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.5::el9receptorbefore 0:1.6.7-1.el9ap0:1.6.7-1.el9ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.5::el9receptorctlbefore 0:1.6.7-1.el9ap0:1.6.7-1.el9ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.6::el9automation-controllerbefore 0:4.7.15-2.el9ap0:4.7.15-2.el9ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.6::el9automation-controller-clibefore 0:4.7.15-2.el9ap0:4.7.15-2.el9ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8automation-controller-venv-towerbefore 0:4.6.31-1.el8ap0:4.6.31-1.el8ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8automation-eda-controllerbefore 0:1.1.21-1.el8ap0:1.1.21-1.el8ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8automation-eda-controller-basebefore 0:1.1.21-1.el8ap0:1.1.21-1.el8ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8automation-eda-controller-base-servicesbefore 0:1.1.21-1.el8ap0:1.1.21-1.el8ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8automation-eda-controller-event-stream-servicesbefore 0:1.1.21-1.el8ap0:1.1.21-1.el8ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8automation-eda-controller-worker-servicesbefore 0:1.1.21-1.el8ap0:1.1.21-1.el8ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8automation-gateway-proxybefore 0:2.5.10-7.el8ap0:2.5.10-7.el8ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8automation-gateway-proxy-debugsourcebefore 0:2.5.10-7.el8ap0:2.5.10-7.el8ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8automation-gateway-proxy-serverbefore 0:2.5.10-7.el8ap0:2.5.10-7.el8ap
Red Hat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8automation-gateway-proxy-server-debuginfobefore 0:2.5.10-7.el8ap0:2.5.10-7.el8ap

+96

Same product

python: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2014-3007Python Image Library (PIL) 1.1.7 and earlier and Pillow 2.3 might allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharact
    43Plan
  • CVE-2016-4009Integer overflow in the ImagingResampleHorizontal function in libImaging/Resample.c in Pillow before 3.1.1 allows remote attackers to have u
    41Plan
  • CVE-2022-30595libImaging/TgaRleDecode.c in Pillow 9.1.0 has a heap buffer overflow in the processing of invalid TGA image files.
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-59205Jul 14, 2026 · Pillow: Controlled heap out-of-bounds write in `ImageCmsTransform.apply()` via output mode mismatch
    30Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-54058Jul 14, 2026 · Pillow: Out-of-bounds read via attacker-controlled row stride on Pillow's mmap path (McIdas AREA files)
    33Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-59200Jul 14, 2026 · Pillow: Decompression Bomb DoS via PdfParser.PdfStream.decode()
    30Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
python-pillow Pillow12.3.0 · descriptionVendor (CNA)
almalinux:python3-pillow5.1.1-23.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:python3-pillow-devel5.1.1-23.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:python3-pillow-doc5.1.1-23.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:python3-pillow-tk5.1.1-23.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
debian:pillow12.3.0-1 · Debian:14Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:python-Pillow11.3.0-160000.8.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
PyPI:pillow12.3.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:openvox-agent0:8.24.1-3.el8sat · Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8Package registry (OSV)
red hat:openvox-server0:8.14.1-1.el8sat · Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8Package registry (OSV)
red hat:python-pillow0:5.1.1-23.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:python-pillow-debuginfo0:5.1.1-23.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:python-pillow-debugsource0:5.1.1-23.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:python3-pillow0:5.1.1-23.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:python3-pillow-debuginfo0:5.1.1-23.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:python3-pillow-devel0:5.1.1-23.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::crbPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:python3-pillow-doc0:5.1.1-23.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::crbPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:python3-pillow-tk0:5.1.1-23.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::crbPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:python3-pillow-tk-debuginfo0:5.1.1-23.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:rubygem-katello0:4.14.0.21-1.el8sat · Red Hat:satellite:6.16::el8Package registry (OSV)
rocky linux:python-pillow0:5.1.1-23.el8_10 · Rocky Linux:8Package registry (OSV)
suse:python-Pillow11.3.0-160000.8.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-4231166 days apartPillow: OOB Write with Invalid PSD Tile Extents (Integer Overflow)
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-591990 days apartPillow: Heap out-of-bounds write `Image.paste()` / `Image.crop()` via signed coordinate overflow
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2026-9664199 days apartPillow: Reachable undefined behavior in native integer operations, potentially leading to denial of service or logic integrity compromise
    26Monitor
  • CVE-2026-4230866 days apartPillow: Integer overflow when processing fonts
    20Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
low · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
Low
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-190 · Integer Overflow or Wraparound

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records