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NVD / CVE Program· CNA VulDB

CVE-2025-14586: TOTOLINK X5000R cstecgi.cgi snprintf os command injection

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 9/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 2.7% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 86.2% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 5.3, NVD 2.1.

Low priority for now. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

A vulnerability was determined in TOTOLINK X5000R 9.1.0cu.2089_B20211224. Affected by this issue is the function snprintf of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi?action=exportOvpn&type=user. This manipulation of the argument User causes os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.

LowCVSS 2.1 · v4.0—No exploit No fix recorded
Published
Dec 13, 2025
Updated
Oct 7, 2026
EPSS
2.7% · 86th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

9

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
8 / 40 · 2.1 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
1 / 30 · 2.7%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · VulDB
5.3
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-14586

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
totolinkx5000r firmware
totolinkx5000r

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • totolink x5000r firmware9.1.0cu.2089_b20211224

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (VulDB). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • TOTOLINK X5000R

    • 9.1.0cu.2089_B20211224affected

Same product

totolink: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2023-30013TOTOLINK X5000R V9.1.0u.6118_B20201102 and V9.1.0u.6369_B20230113 contain a command insertion vulnerability in setting/setTracerouteCfg.
    60This week
  • CVE-2023-6612Totolink X5000R cstecgi.cgi setWizardCfg os command injection
    48Plan
  • CVE-2022-26213Totolink X5000R_Firmware v9.1.0u.6118_B20201102 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the function setNtpCfg, via t
    47Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-9934Sep 4, 2025 · TOTOLINK X5000R cstecgi.cgi sub_410C34 command injection
    9Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-13184Dec 10, 2025 · Unauthenticated Telnet enablement via cstecgi.cgi (auth bypass) leading to unauthenticated root login with a blank password
    45Plan
  • Later →CVE-2025-70329Feb 23, 2026 · TOTOLink X5000R v9.1.0cu_2415_B20250515 contains an OS command injection vulnerability in the setIptvCfg handler of the /usr/sbin/lighttpd e
    33Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2025-25604295 days apartTotolink X5000R V9.1.0u.6369_B20230113 is vulnerable to command injection via the vif_disable function in mtkwifi.lua.
    26Monitor
  • CVE-2025-25605295 days apartTotolink X5000R V9.1.0u.6369_B20230113 is vulnerable to command injection via the apcli_wps_gen_pincode function in mtkwifi.lua.
    26Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

  • CVE-2025-131843 days apartUnauthenticated Telnet enablement via cstecgi.cgi (auth bypass) leading to unauthenticated root login with a blank password
    45Plan

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-77 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Show all references (3 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records