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NVD / CVE Program· CNA microsoft

CVE-2022-41091: Windows Mark of the Web Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability

Noroxi assessment

Priority: This week (action score 60/100)

  • CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild (Nov 8, 2022); it is known to be used in ransomware campaigns. Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Dec 9, 2022.
  • A ready-made attack tool exists and the flaw can be exploited over the network without an account, so priority is at least “This week”.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1.9% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 79.8% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. A user must open a link or visit a page. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.
  • Mentioned 1 time in Turkish national cyber security advisories (siberguvenlik.gov.tr).

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window. Until a fix is released, restrict access to the affected component and follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · CISA KEV · FIRST EPSS

MediumCVSS 5.4 · v3.1KEVWeaponized No fix recorded
Published
Nov 9, 2022
Updated
Aug 10, 2026
EPSS
1.9% · 79th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

60

This week

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window.

CVSS
21 / 40 · 5.4 / 10
CISA KEV
30 / 30 · Listed
EPSS
1 / 30 · 1.9%
Ready-made attack tool
8 / 60 · floor: at least 60

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
active
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · microsoft
5.4
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Actively exploited in the wild

CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on Nov 8, 2022. That signals real attacks, not theory.

Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Dec 9, 2022.

Known to be used in ransomware campaigns.

Get told when this record changes

  • In CISA KEV: exploitation in the wild confirmed
  • Weaponized exploit exists
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2022-41091

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

One daily email digest (06:00 UTC); connect a webhook for KEV listings and weaponized exploits instantly.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
microsoftwindows 10 1507
microsoftwindows 10 1607
microsoftwindows 10 1809
microsoftwindows 10 20h2
microsoftwindows 10 21h1
microsoftwindows 10 21h2
microsoftwindows 10 22h2
microsoftwindows 11 21h2
microsoftwindows 11 22h2
microsoftwindows server 2016
microsoftwindows server 2019
microsoftwindows server 2022

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • microsoft windows server 2016before 10.0.14393.5501
  • microsoft windows server 2019before 10.0.17763.3650
  • microsoft windows server 2022before 10.0.20348.1249

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (microsoft). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1507

    • 10.0.10240.0 and later · before 10.0.10240.19567affected

  • Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1607

    • 10.0.14393.0 and later · before 10.0.14393.5501affected

  • Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809

    • 10.0.17763.0 and later · before 10.0.17763.3650affected
    • 10.0.0 and later · before 10.0.17763.3650affected

  • Microsoft Windows 10 Version 20H2

    • 10.0.0 and later · before 10.0.19042.2251affected

  • Microsoft Windows 10 Version 21H1

    • 10.0.0 and later · before 10.0.19043.2251affected

  • Microsoft Windows 10 Version 21H2

    • 10.0.19043.0 and later · before 10.0.19044.2251affected

  • Microsoft Windows 10 Version 22H2

    • 10.0.19045.0 and later · before 10.0.19045.2251affected

  • Microsoft Windows 11 version 21H2

    • 10.0.0 and later · before 10.0.22000.1219affected

  • Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H2

    • 10.0.22621.0 and later · before 10.0.22621.819affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2016

    • 10.0.14393.0 and later · before 10.0.14393.5501affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)

    • 10.0.14393.0 and later · before 10.0.14393.5501affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2019

    • 10.0.17763.0 and later · before 10.0.17763.3650affected

Same product

microsoft: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2021-34527Windows Print Spooler Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV
    95Now
  • CVE-2021-40444Microsoft MSHTML Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV
    94Now
  • CVE-2025-33053Internet Shortcut Files Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV
    91Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2022-41049Nov 9, 2022 · Windows Mark of the Web Security Feature Bypass VulnerabilityKEV
    60This week
  • ← EarlierCVE-2022-41073Nov 9, 2022 · Windows Print Spooler Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV
    62This week
  • Later →CVE-2022-41125Nov 9, 2022 · Windows CNG Key Isolation Service Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV
    62This week

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. CISA KEV-2 d
  2. Published
  3. TodayNov 5, 2026+1457 d

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

National notice (Türkiye Cybersecurity Directorate / USOM)

Official security notices citing this record; remediation advice is on the agency's page.

All national notices →

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
low · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
low · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
Low
Availability impact
Low

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-863 · Incorrect Authorization

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records