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NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2026-84448: libheif: Heap out-of-bounds read in libheif inline-mask region API (heif_region_item_add_region_inline_mask_data / heif_region_get_mask_image)

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 16/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.18% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
  • Fixed version: strukturag libheif 1.23.2.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to strukturag libheif 1.23.2 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. Prior to 1.23.2, the public heif_region_item_add_region_inline_mask_data() function in libheif/api/libheif/heif_regions.cc accepts mask_data_len without verifying that it equals the byte count required by width and height. A later heif_region_get_mask_image() call derives the read length from the region geometry, so an undersized stored buffer causes heif_region_get_inline_mask_image() to read beyond the heap allocation and copy adjacent bytes into the returned monochrome mask image. This can disclose heap data or crash an application that constructs region metadata through the writer API, while the file-parsing path is not affected because it validates the canonical mask size. This issue is fixed in version 1.23.2.

MediumCVSS 4.0 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Sep 18, 2026
Updated
Sep 24, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 8th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

16

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
16 / 40 · 4.0 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · GitHub_M
4.0
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • strukturag libheif

    • < 1.23.2affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12libheiffrom 0—
Debian:13libheifbefore 1.23.4-1~deb13u11.23.4-1~deb13u1
Debian:14libheifbefore 1.23.2-11.23.2-1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0libheifbefore 1.23.4-160000.1.11.23.4-160000.1.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedlibheifbefore 1.23.4-1.11.23.4-1.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP7libheifbefore 1.23.4-150700.3.21.11.23.4-150700.3.21.1

Same product

strukturag: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-84383libheif: Heap buffer overflow in `scale_nearest_neighbor()` via duplicate Alpha planes from nested `iden`/`auxl` items
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2026-62292libheif: Out-of-bounds read in uncompressed unci tile range slicing
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-120208libheif 1.18.0 before 1.23.3 Heap Buffer Overflow via unci Mixed-Interleave Decoder
    30Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-84446Sep 18, 2026 · libheif: Sequence decode timing-table initialization allows non-terminating loops and unbounded memory, bypassing max_sequence_frames
    30Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-84447Sep 18, 2026 · libheif: Derived-image indirect reference chains and tiled offsets bypass decode caching and MemoryHandle limits, causing CPU/memory amplification DoS
    30Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-84449Sep 18, 2026 · libheif hOp_RGB24_32_to_YCbCr Memory Access Error / SEGV
    14Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
strukturag libheif1.23.2 · descriptionVendor (CNA)
debian:libheif1.23.4-1~deb13u1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:libheif1.23.4-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
suse:libheif1.23.4-150700.3.21.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-6229231 days apartlibheif: Out-of-bounds read in uncompressed unci tile range slicing
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-32882122 days apartlibheif: Heap Buffer OOB Read in overlay compositing due to wrong alpha stride
    28Monitor
  • CVE-2026-844510 days apartlibheif: Incomplete fix for CVE-2026-62292 leaves libheif vulnerable to an out-of-bounds read
    26Monitor
  • CVE-2026-6229131 days apartlibheif: Heap out of bounds write in libheif uncompressed encoder when writing images with mismatched auxiliary alpha dimensions
    21Monitor
  • CVE-2026-844490 days apartlibheif hOp_RGB24_32_to_YCbCr Memory Access Error / SEGV
    14Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
low · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
low · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
Low
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
Low

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-125 · Out-of-bounds Read

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

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References

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records