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NVD / CVE Program· CNA VulnCheck

CVE-2026-56271: Flowise - Weak Default JWT Secrets in Authentication Middleware

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 37/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.65% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 50.7% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • Fixed version: Flowise Flowise 3.1.0.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Flowise Flowise 3.1.0 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Flowise before 3.1.0 (affected versions 3.0.13 and earlier) uses weak hardcoded default JWT secrets ('auth_token', 'refresh_token') and default audience and issuer values ('AUDIENCE', 'ISSUER') in the enterprise passport authentication middleware (packages/server/src/enterprise/middleware/passport/index.ts). When the corresponding environment variables (JWT_AUTH_TOKEN_SECRET, JWT_REFRESH_TOKEN_SECRET, JWT_AUDIENCE, JWT_ISSUER) are not set, the application silently falls back to these publicly known defaults, allowing an attacker to forge valid JWTs and impersonate any user, including administrators, resulting in authentication bypass.

CriticalCVSS 9.3 · v4.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jul 12, 2026
Updated
Oct 25, 2026
EPSS
0.6% · 50th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

37

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
37 / 40 · 9.3 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · VulnCheck
9.3
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2026-56271

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
flowiseaiflowise

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • flowiseai flowisebefore 3.1.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (VulnCheck). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Flowise Flowise

    • 3.1.0not affected
    • before 3.1.0affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
npmflowisebefore 3.1.03.1.0

Same product

flowiseai: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2025-59528Flowise has Remote Code Execution vulnerability
    66This week
  • CVE-2025-8943Unsupervised OS command execution leads to remote code execution by unauthenticated network attackers
    62This week
  • CVE-2026-41264Flowise: CSV Agent Prompt Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    60This week

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-56277Jun 30, 2026 · Flowise - Hardcoded CORS Wildcard in TTS Endpoint
    27Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-56278Jun 30, 2026 · Flowise - Session Hijacking via Weak Default Express Session Secret
    37Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-69251Aug 4, 2026 · Flowise RCE via TypeORM DataSource
    37Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Flowise Flowise3.1.0Vendor (CNA)
npm:flowise3.1.0Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

—

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

  • CVE-2026-5627419 days apartFlowise - Remote Code Execution via MCP Security Bypass in validateCommandFlags and validateArgsForLocalFileAccess
    40Plan
  • CVE-2025-7133218 days apartFlowise - SQL Injection in importChatflows API via chatflow.id Parameter
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-5627519 days apartFlowise - Server-Side Request Forgery via Execute Flow Base URL
    24Monitor
  • CVE-2026-5805715 days apartFlowise - Custom MCP Environment Variable Denylist Bypass via Case Sensitivity
    9Monitor

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-321 · Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records