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NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2026-45135: Caddy: Unsafe Unicode Handling in FastCGI splitPos Allows Execution of Non-PHP Files

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 32/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.67% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 52.3% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
  • Fixed version: caddyserver caddy 2.11.3.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to caddyserver caddy 2.11.3 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Caddy is an extensible server platform that uses TLS by default. From 2.7.0 until 2.11.3, the FastCGI transport's splitPos() in modules/caddyhttp/reverseproxy/fastcgi/fastcgi.go misuses golang.org/x/text/search with search.IgnoreCase when the request path contains a non-ASCII byte. Two distinct flaws in that fallback let an attacker mislead Caddy's FastCGI splitting into treating a non-.php (or other configured split_path extension) file as a script. In any deployment where the attacker can place content into a file served via FastCGI (uploads, file storage, etc.), this can be escalated to remote code execution by crafting a URL whose path triggers either flaw. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.11.3.

HighCVSS 8.1 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jun 23, 2026
Updated
Oct 25, 2026
EPSS
0.6% · 52th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

32

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
32 / 40 · 8.1 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · GitHub_M
8.1
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
caddyservercaddy

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • caddyserver caddy2.7.0 and later · before 2.11.3

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • caddyserver caddy

    • >= 2.7.0, < 2.11.3affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Alpine:v3.23caddyfrom 2.7.0 · before 2.11.4-r02.11.4-r0
Debian:14caddybefore 2.11.4-12.11.4-1
Gogithub.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2from 2.7.0 · before 2.11.32.11.3

Same product

caddyserver: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2018-21246Caddy before 0.10.13 mishandles TLS client authentication, as demonstrated by an authentication bypass caused by the lack of the StrictHostM
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-30851Caddy forward_auth copy_headers Does Not Strip Client-Supplied Headers, Allowing Identity Injection and Privilege Escalation
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2026-27590Caddy: Unicode case-folding length expansion causes incorrect split_path index (SCRIPT_NAME/PATH_INFO confusion) in FastCGI transport
    35Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-30852Mar 7, 2026 · Caddy: vars_regexp double-expands user input, leaking env vars and files
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-52846Jun 23, 2026 · Caddy: stripHTML template function bypass
    16Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-45692Jun 23, 2026 · Caddy: Remote Admin Authorization Bypass in `/config` API via Array Index Normalization
    15Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
caddyserver caddy2.11.3 · descriptionVendor (CNA)
alpine:caddy2.11.4-r0 · Alpine:v3.23Package registry (OSV)
debian:caddy2.11.4-1 · Debian:14Package registry (OSV)
Go:github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v22.11.3Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-27590119 days apartCaddy: Unicode case-folding length expansion causes incorrect split_path index (SCRIPT_NAME/PATH_INFO confusion) in FastCGI transport
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2026-27585119 days apartCaddy's improper sanitization of glob characters in file matcher may lead to bypassing security protections
    27Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-20 · Improper Input Validation

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

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