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Noroxi
NVD / CVE Program· CNA Go

CVE-2026-39828: Invoking bypass of certificate restrictions in golang.org/x/crypto/ssh

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 25/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.36% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: golang.org/x/crypto golang.org/x/crypto/ssh 0.52.0; azl3 cert-manager 1.12.15-6 on Azure Linux 3.0 1.12.15-8; azl3 cf-cli 8.7.11-6 on Azure Linux 3.0 8.7.11-7.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to golang.org/x/crypto golang.org/x/crypto/ssh 0.52.0; azl3 cert-manager 1.12.15-6 on Azure Linux 3.0 1.12.15-8; azl3 cf-cli 8.7.11-6 on Azure Linux 3.0 8.7.11-7 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

When an SSH server authentication callback returned PartialSuccessError with non-nil Permissions, those permissions were silently discarded, potentially dropping certificate restrictions such as force-command after a second factor succeeded. Returning non-nil Permissions with PartialSuccessError now results in a connection error.

MediumCVSS 6.3 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
May 22, 2026
Updated
Sep 18, 2026
EPSS
0.3% · 30th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

25

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
25 / 40 · 6.3 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2026-39828

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

One daily email digest (06:00 UTC); connect a webhook for KEV listings and weaponized exploits instantly.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
golangcrypto

Check your site's encryption

This vulnerability is about certificate validation or weak cryptography. The free SSL checker tests your certificate, enabled TLS versions and weak ciphers.

Run the SSL check

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • golang cryptobefore 0.52.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Go). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • golang.org/x/crypto golang.org/x/crypto/ssh

    • before 0.52.0affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12golang-go.cryptofrom 0—
Debian:14golang-go.cryptobefore 1:0.52.0-11:0.52.0-1
Gogolang.org/x/cryptobefore 0.52.00.52.0
openSUSE:Leap 16.0alloybefore 1.17.0-160000.1.11.17.0-160000.1.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0amazon-ssm-agentbefore 3.3.4624.0-160000.1.13.3.4624.0-160000.1.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0cloudflaredbefore 2026.9.1-bp160.1.12026.9.1-bp160.1.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0containerized-data-importer1.65before 1.65.0-160000.3.11.65.0-160000.3.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0cosignbefore 3.1.1-160000.1.13.1.1-160000.1.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0distributionbefore 3.1.1-160000.1.13.1.1-160000.1.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0glabbefore 1.114.0-bp160.1.11.114.0-bp160.1.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0google-guest-agentbefore 20260529.00-160000.1.120260529.00-160000.1.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0google-osconfig-agentbefore 20260615.01-160000.1.220260615.01-160000.1.2
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kubevirt1.8before 1.8.4-160000.1.11.8.4-160000.1.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0mcphostbefore 0.34.0-160000.2.10.34.0-160000.2.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0podmanbefore 5.4.2-160000.5.15.4.2-160000.5.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0rclonebefore 1.74.4-bp160.1.11.74.4-bp160.1.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0trivybefore 0.71.0-160000.1.10.71.0-160000.1.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedamazon-ssm-agentbefore 3.3.4624.0-2.13.3.4624.0-2.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedcontainerized-data-importer1.65before 1.65.0-2.11.65.0-2.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedcontainerized-data-importer1.66before 1.66.0-1.11.66.0-1.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedgit-bugbefore 0.10.1-5.10.10.1-5.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedkubevirt1.8before 1.8.4-2.11.8.4-2.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedkubevirt1.9before 1.9.0-1.11.9.0-1.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedrclonebefore 1.74.2-1.11.74.2-1.1

+49

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-46595Invoking VerifiedPublicKeyCallback permissions skip enforcement in golang.org/x/crypto/ssh
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-42508Invoking auth bypass via unenforced @revoked status in golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/knownhosts
    38Monitor
  • CVE-2026-39834Invoking infinite loop on large channel writes in golang.org/x/crypto/ssh
    36Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-58181Nov 19, 2025 · Unbounded memory consumption in golang.org/x/crypto/ssh
    21Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-39827May 22, 2026 · Invoking memory leak when rejecting channels can lead to DoS in golang.org/x/crypto/ssh
    26Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-39829May 22, 2026 · Invoking pathological RSA/DSA parameters may cause DoS in golang.org/x/crypto/ssh
    30Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
golang.org/x/crypto golang.org/x/crypto/ssh0.52.0Vendor (CNA)
azl3 cert-manager 1.12.15-6 on Azure Linux 3.01.12.15-8 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 cf-cli 8.7.11-6 on Azure Linux 3.08.7.11-7 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 cf-cli 8.7.11-7 on Azure Linux 3.08.7.11-7 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 gh 2.62.0-16 on Azure Linux 3.02.62.0-17 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 gh 2.62.0-17 on Azure Linux 3.02.62.0-17 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 gh 2.62.0-18 on Azure Linux 3.02.62.0-17 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 kubevirt 1.7.1-2 on Azure Linux 3.01.7.1-5 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 packer 1.9.5-13 on Azure Linux 3.01.9.5-14 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 telegraf 1.31.0-22 on Azure Linux 3.01.31.0-23 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 telegraf 1.31.0-23 on Azure Linux 3.01.31.0-23 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:golang-go.crypto1:0.52.0-1 · Debian:14Package registry (OSV)
Go:golang.org/x/crypto0.52.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:amazon-ssm-agent3.3.4624.0-2.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
opensuse:containerized-data-importer1.651.65.0-2.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
opensuse:containerized-data-importer1.661.66.0-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
opensuse:distribution3.1.1-160000.1.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:git-bug0.10.1-5.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
opensuse:google-guest-agent20260529.00-160000.1.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:google-osconfig-agent20260615.01-160000.1.2 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kubevirt1.81.8.4-2.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
opensuse:kubevirt1.91.9.0-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
opensuse:mcphost0.34.0-160000.2.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:rclone1.74.2-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
opensuse:trivy0.71.0-160000.1.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:flightctl0:1.0.3-1.el9em · Red Hat:edge_manager:1.0::el9Package registry (OSV)
red hat:flightctl-agent0:1.0.3-1.el9em · Red Hat:edge_manager:1.0::el9Package registry (OSV)
red hat:flightctl-cli0:1.0.3-1.el9em · Red Hat:edge_manager:1.0::el9Package registry (OSV)
red hat:flightctl-selinux0:1.0.3-1.el9em · Red Hat:edge_manager:1.0::el9Package registry (OSV)
suse:alloy1.17.0-160000.1.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0Package registry (OSV)

+11

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-425080 days apartInvoking auth bypass via unenforced @revoked status in golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/knownhosts
    38Monitor
  • CVE-2026-398350 days apartInvoking server panic during CheckHostKey/Authenticate in golang.org/x/crypto/ssh
    21Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
low · data can be read
Integrity
low · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
low · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
Low
Integrity impact
Low
Availability impact
Low

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

nvd-secondary

Root cause

A certificate validation error is silently swallowed instead of terminating the connection. Often, code added for a test environment makes its way into production.

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

kotlin
override fun checkServerTrusted(chain: Array<X509Certificate>, type: String) {  // Left empty for the test environment}

Fixed

kotlin
val client = OkHttpClient.Builder()  .certificatePinner(    CertificatePinner.Builder()      .add("api.sirius.example", "sha256/…")      .build()  ).build()

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

All records