NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2026-35196: Chamilo LMS has OS Command Injection via export_all_certificates action

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 36/100)

Public proof-of-concept code exists (GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1.7% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 77.8% of all records.
Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
Fixed version: chamilo chamilo-lms 2.0.0-RC.3.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to chamilo chamilo-lms 2.0.0-RC.3 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Chamilo LMS is an open-source learning management system. In versions prior to 2.0.0-RC.3, an OS Command Injection vulnerability exists in the main/inc/ajax/gradebook.ajax.php endpoint within the export_all_certificates action, where the course code retrieved from the session variable $_SESSION['_cid'] via api_get_course_id() is concatenated directly into a shell_exec() command string without sanitization or escaping using escapeshellarg(). If an attacker can manipulate or poison their session data to inject shell metacharacters into the _cid variable, they can achieve arbitrary command execution on the underlying server. Successful exploitation grants full access to read system files and credentials, alters the application and database, or disrupts server availability. This issue has been fixed in version 2.0.0-RC.3.

HighCVSS 8.8 · v3.1—Proof of concept Fix available

Published: Apr 14, 2026
Updated: Jul 24, 2026
EPSS: 1.7% · 77th percentile
CWE: CWE-78

Report tools

JSON

Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 35 / 40 · 8.8 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 1 / 30 · 1.7%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical impact: total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: —
CNA · GitHub_M: 8.8; NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
Proof of concept exists, no weaponized module
A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
chamilo	chamilo lms	cpe:2.3:a:chamilo:chamilo_lms

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

chamilo chamilo lmsup to 1.11.38 inclusive
chamilo chamilo lms2.0.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

chamilo chamilo-lms
- < 2.0.0-RC.3affected

Same product

chamilo: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2023-4220Chamilo LMS Unauthenticated Big Upload File Remote Code Execution
60This week
CVE-2021-35414Chamilo LMS v1.11.x was discovered to contain a SQL injection via the doc parameter in main/plagiarism/compilatio/upload.php.
40Plan
CVE-2019-13082Chamilo LMS 1.11.8 and 2.x allows remote code execution through an lp_upload.php unauthenticated file upload feature.
40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2026-34370Apr 14, 2026 · Chamilo LMS: IDOR in the Notebook Module allows an attacker to view other users' private notes
26Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2026-34602Apr 14, 2026 · Chamilo LMS: IDOR in /api/course_rel_users Allows Unauthorized Enrollment of Arbitrary Users into Courses
28Monitor
Later →CVE-2026-40291Apr 14, 2026 · Chamilo LMS has Privilege Escalation via API User Role Modification
35Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
chamilo chamilo-lms	2.0.0-RC.3 · description	Vendor (CNA)

Exploit status

Proof of concept available

A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.

Evidence

Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
Source	Kind	Date
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:0	2026-04-02

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

First PoCApr 2, 2026-13 d
PublishedApr 14, 2026
TodayOct 27, 2026+196 d

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

chamilo/chamilo-lmscommit 62671e5

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

CVE-2026-328924 days apartOS Command Injection in Chamilo LMS 1.11.36
35Monitor
CVE-2025-5019443 days apartChamilo: OS Command Injection in /main/cron/lang/check_parse_lang.php
29Monitor
CVE-2025-5019543 days apartChamilo: OS Command Injection in /plugin/vchamilo/views/manage.controller.php
29Monitor
CVE-2025-5019643 days apartChamilo: OS Command Injection in /plugin/vchamilo/views/editinstance.php via POST main_database parameter
29Monitor
CVE-2025-5019743 days apartChamilo: OS Command Injection in /main/admin/sub_language_ajax.inc.php via POST new_language parameter
29Monitor
CVE-2025-5019343 days apartChamilo: OS command Injection in /plugin/vchamilo/views/import.php with the POST to_main_database parameter
29Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

CVE-2026-341600 days apartChamilo LMS: Unauthenticated SSRF via PENS Plugin allows attacker to probe internal network and reach cloud metadata services
34Monitor
CVE-2026-337150 days apartChamilo LMS has Unauthenticated SSRF and Open Email Relay via install.ajax.php test_mailer action
28Monitor

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
A low-privileged account is enough.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-78 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Root cause

User input is inserted as text into a shell command. The shell may interpret special characters in the input as part of the command.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-78 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1const host = req.body.host;
2exec("ping -c 1 " + host, onResult);

Fixed

1const host = req.body.host;
2if (!/^[a-z0-9.-]{1,253}$/i.test(host)) return res.sendStatus(400);
3execFile("ping", ["-c", "1", host], onResult);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

Fix✗ → ✓Sep 29, 2026, 11:55 AM UTC

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References

github.com/chamilo/chamilo-lms/commit/62671e5e268f235cddfba704edee90f35c234df1

Show all references (1 more)

github.com/chamilo/chamilo-lms/releases/tag/v2.0.0-RC.3

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records