NVD / CVE Program· CNA openssl

CVE-2026-28390: Possible NULL Dereference When Processing CMS KeyTransportRecipientInfo

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 30/100)

The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.83% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 58% of all records.
Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
Fixed version: OpenSSL OpenSSL 3.0.20, 3.3.7, 3.4.5; azl3 edk2 20240524git3e722403cd16-15 on Azure Linux 3.0 20240524git3e722403cd16-16; azl3 edk2 20240524git3e722403cd16-16 on Azure Linux 3.0 20240524git3e722403cd16-16.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to OpenSSL OpenSSL 3.0.20, 3.3.7, 3.4.5; azl3 edk2 20240524git3e722403cd16-15 on Azure Linux 3.0 20240524git3e722403cd16-16; azl3 edk2 20240524git3e722403cd16-16 on Azure Linux 3.0 20240524git3e722403cd16-16 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Issue summary: During processing of a crafted CMS EnvelopedData message with KeyTransportRecipientInfo a NULL pointer dereference can happen. Impact summary: Applications that process attacker-controlled CMS data may crash before authentication or cryptographic operations occur resulting in Denial of Service. When a CMS EnvelopedData message that uses KeyTransportRecipientInfo with RSA-OAEP encryption is processed, the optional parameters field of RSA-OAEP SourceFunc algorithm identifier is examined without checking for its presence. This results in a NULL pointer dereference if the field is missing. Applications and services that call CMS_decrypt() on untrusted input (e.g., S/MIME processing or CMS-based protocols) are vulnerable. The FIPS modules in 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue, as the affected code is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.

HighCVSS 7.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Published: Apr 7, 2026
Updated: Oct 15, 2026
EPSS: 0.8% · 58th percentile
CWE: CWE-476

Report tools

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Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 30 / 40 · 7.5 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 0.8%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
No public exploit code on record
A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
openssl	openssl	cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl

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Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

openssl openssl1.0.2 and later · before 1.0.2zp
openssl openssl1.1.1 and later · before 1.1.1zg
openssl openssl3.0.0 and later · before 3.0.20
openssl openssl3.3.0 and later · before 3.3.7
openssl openssl3.4.0 and later · before 3.4.5
openssl openssl3.5.0 and later · before 3.5.6
openssl openssl3.6.0 and later · before 3.6.2

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (openssl). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

OpenSSL OpenSSL
- 3.6.0 and later · before 3.6.2affected · semver
- 3.5.0 and later · before 3.5.6affected · semver
- 3.4.0 and later · before 3.4.5affected · semver
- 3.3.0 and later · before 3.3.7affected · semver
- 3.0.0 and later · before 3.0.20affected · semver
- 1.1.1 and later · before 1.1.1zgaffected
- 1.0.2 and later · before 1.0.2zpaffected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Ecosystem	Package	Affected range	Fix
AlmaLinux:10	edk2-aarch64	before 20251114-5.el10_2.2	20251114-5.el10_2.2
AlmaLinux:10	edk2-ovmf	before 20251114-5.el10_2.2	20251114-5.el10_2.2
AlmaLinux:10	edk2-tools	before 20251114-5.el10_2.2	20251114-5.el10_2.2
AlmaLinux:10	edk2-tools-doc	before 20251114-5.el10_2.2	20251114-5.el10_2.2
AlmaLinux:10	openssl	before 1:3.5.5-3.el10_2.alma.1	1:3.5.5-3.el10_2.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10	openssl-devel	before 1:3.5.5-3.el10_2.alma.1	1:3.5.5-3.el10_2.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10	openssl-libs	before 1:3.5.5-3.el10_2.alma.1	1:3.5.5-3.el10_2.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10	openssl-perl	before 1:3.5.5-3.el10_2.alma.1	1:3.5.5-3.el10_2.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8	compat-openssl10	before 1:1.0.2o-4.el8_10.2	1:1.0.2o-4.el8_10.2
AlmaLinux:8	openssl	before 1:1.1.1k-17.el8_6	1:1.1.1k-17.el8_6
AlmaLinux:8	openssl-devel	before 1:1.1.1k-17.el8_6	1:1.1.1k-17.el8_6
AlmaLinux:8	openssl-libs	before 1:1.1.1k-17.el8_6	1:1.1.1k-17.el8_6
AlmaLinux:8	openssl-perl	before 1:1.1.1k-17.el8_6	1:1.1.1k-17.el8_6
AlmaLinux:9	compat-openssl11	before 1:1.1.1k-5.el9_8.3	1:1.1.1k-5.el9_8.3
AlmaLinux:9	openssl	before 1:3.5.5-3.el9_8	1:3.5.5-3.el9_8
AlmaLinux:9	openssl-devel	before 1:3.5.5-3.el9_8	1:3.5.5-3.el9_8
AlmaLinux:9	openssl-libs	before 1:3.5.5-3.el9_8	1:3.5.5-3.el9_8
AlmaLinux:9	openssl-perl	before 1:3.5.5-3.el9_8	1:3.5.5-3.el9_8
Alpine:v3.20	openssl	from 1.0.2 · before 3.3.7-r0	3.3.7-r0
Alpine:v3.22	openssl	from 1.0.2 · before 3.5.6-r0	3.5.6-r0
Debian:12	openssl	before 3.0.19-1~deb12u2	3.0.19-1~deb12u2
Debian:13	openssl	before 3.5.5-1~deb13u2	3.5.5-1~deb13u2
Debian:14	openssl	before 3.6.2-1	3.6.2-1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0	openssl-3	before 3.5.0-160000.7.1	3.5.0-160000.7.1

+96

Same product

openssl: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

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Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2026-28388Apr 7, 2026 · NULL Pointer Dereference When Processing a Delta CRL
30Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2026-28389Apr 7, 2026 · Possible NULL Dereference When Processing CMS KeyAgreeRecipientInfo
30Monitor
Later →CVE-2026-31789Apr 7, 2026 · Heap Buffer Overflow in Hexadecimal Conversion
39Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
OpenSSL OpenSSL	3.0.20	Vendor (CNA)
OpenSSL OpenSSL	3.3.7	Vendor (CNA)
OpenSSL OpenSSL	3.4.5	Vendor (CNA)
OpenSSL OpenSSL	3.5.6	Vendor (CNA)
OpenSSL OpenSSL	3.6.2	Vendor (CNA)
azl3 edk2 20240524git3e722403cd16-15 on Azure Linux 3.0	20240524git3e722403cd16-16 · CBL-Mariner Releases	Microsoft (MSRC)
azl3 edk2 20240524git3e722403cd16-16 on Azure Linux 3.0	20240524git3e722403cd16-16 · CBL-Mariner Releases	Microsoft (MSRC)
azl3 openssl 3.3.5-4 on Azure Linux 3.0	3.3.5-5 · CBL-Mariner Releases	Microsoft (MSRC)
cbl2 openssl 1.1.1k-39 on CBL Mariner 2.0	1.1.1k-40 · CBL-Mariner Releases	Microsoft (MSRC)
cbl2 openssl 1.1.1k-39 on CBL-Mariner 2.0	1.1.1k-40 · Release Notes	Microsoft (MSRC)
almalinux:compat-openssl10	1:1.0.2o-4.el8_10.2 · AlmaLinux:8	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:compat-openssl11	1:1.1.1k-5.el9_8.3 · AlmaLinux:9	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:edk2-aarch64	20251114-5.el10_2.2 · AlmaLinux:10	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:edk2-ovmf	20251114-5.el10_2.2 · AlmaLinux:10	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:edk2-tools	20251114-5.el10_2.2 · AlmaLinux:10	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:edk2-tools-doc	20251114-5.el10_2.2 · AlmaLinux:10	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:openssl	1:3.5.5-3.el9_8 · AlmaLinux:9	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:openssl-devel	1:3.5.5-3.el9_8 · AlmaLinux:9	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:openssl-libs	1:3.5.5-3.el9_8 · AlmaLinux:9	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:openssl-perl	1:3.5.5-3.el9_8 · AlmaLinux:9	Package registry (OSV)
alpine:openssl	3.3.7-r0 · Alpine:v3.20	Package registry (OSV)
debian:openssl	3.0.19-1~deb12u2 · Debian:12	Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:openssl-3	3.5.3-4.1 · openSUSE:Tumbleweed	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:compat-openssl10	1:1.0.2o-4.el8_10.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:compat-openssl10-debuginfo	1:1.0.2o-4.el8_10.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:compat-openssl11	1:1.1.1k-5.el9_8.3 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:compat-openssl11-debuginfo	1:1.1.1k-5.el9_8.3 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:compat-openssl11-debugsource	1:1.1.1k-5.el9_8.3 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:openssl	0:3.5.6-0.3.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:openssl-config-fips	0:3.5.6-0.3.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1	Package registry (OSV)

+18

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Muhammad Daffareporter
Zhanpeng Liu (Tencent Xuanwu Lab)reporter
Guannan Wang (Tencent Xuanwu Lab)reporter
Guancheng Li (Tencent Xuanwu Lab)reporter
Joshua Rogers (Aisle Research)reporter
Chanho Kimreporter
Neil Hormanremediation developer

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

CVE-2026-283880 days apartNULL Pointer Dereference When Processing a Delta CRL
30Monitor
CVE-2026-283890 days apartPossible NULL Dereference When Processing CMS KeyAgreeRecipientInfo
30Monitor
CVE-2026-4276463 days apartNULL Pointer Dereference in QUIC Server Initial Packet Handling
30Monitor
CVE-2026-4276563 days apartNULL Dereference in Certificate Verification with OCSP Checking
30Monitor
CVE-2025-6942170 days apartNULL Pointer Dereference in PKCS12_item_decrypt_d2i_ex function
30Monitor
CVE-2026-63076140 days apartInvalid Pointer Dereference in CMP Server via Crafted protectionAlg
30Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
No account or password is required.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: none
Integrity: none
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: None
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: None
Integrity impact: None
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-476 · NULL Pointer Dereference

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

Fix✗ → ✓Sep 28, 2026, 10:09 PM UTC

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/01194a8f1941115cd0383bfa91c736dd3993c8bc

Show all references (7 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records