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NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2026-27945: ZITADEL has potential SSRF via Actions

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 8/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.25% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: github.com/zitadel/zitadel (Go) 1.80.0-v2.20.0.20260225053328-b2532e966621; github.com/zitadel/zitadel/v2 (Go) 4.11.1, 1.80.0-v2.20.0.20260225053328-b2532e966621.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to github.com/zitadel/zitadel (Go) 1.80.0-v2.20.0.20260225053328-b2532e966621; github.com/zitadel/zitadel/v2 (Go) 4.11.1, 1.80.0-v2.20.0.20260225053328-b2532e966621 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

ZITADEL is an open source identity management platform. Zitadel Action V2 (introduced as early preview in 2.59.0, beta in 3.0.0 and GA in 4.0.0) is a webhook based approach to allow developers act on API request to Zitadel and customize flows such the issue of a token. Zitadel's Action target URLs can point to local hosts, potentially allowing adversaries to gather internal network information and connect to internal services. When the URL points to a local host / IP address, an adversary might gather information about the internal network structure, the services exposed on internal hosts etc. This is sometimes called a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF). Zitadel Actions expect responses according to specific schemas, which reduces the threat vector. The patch in version 4.11.1 resolves the issue by checking the target URL against a denylist. By default localhost, resp. loopback IPs are denied. Note that this fix was only released on v4.x. Due to the stage (preview / beta) in which the functionality was in v2.x and v3.x, the changes that have been applied to it since then and the severity, respectively the actual thread vector, a backport to the corresponding versions was not feasible. Please check the workaround section for alternative solutions if an upgrade to v4.x is not possible. If an upgrade is not possible, prevent actions from using unintended endpoints by setting network policies or firewall rules in one's own infrastructure. Note that this is outside of the functionality provided by Zitadel.

LowCVSS 2.1 · v4.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
Feb 25, 2026
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 17th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

8

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
8 / 40 · 2.1 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · GitHub_M
2.1
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
zitadelzitadel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • zitadel zitadel2.59.0 and later · up to 3.4.6 inclusive
  • zitadel zitadel4.0.0 and later · before 4.11.1

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • zitadel zitadel

    • >= 2.59.0, < 4.11.1affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadelbefore 1.80.0-v2.20.0.20260225053328-b2532e9666211.80.0-v2.20.0.20260225053328-b2532e966621
Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel/v2from 2.59.0 · before 4.11.14.11.1
Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel/v2before 1.80.0-v2.20.0.20260225053328-b2532e9666211.80.0-v2.20.0.20260225053328-b2532e966621

Same product

zitadel: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-109372ZITADEL 3.0.0 before 4.19.2 Account Takeover via SAML Identity-Provider Confusion
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2026-105215ZITADEL before 4.16.2 Account Pre-Hijacking via Forged External IdP Callback
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2026-105209ZITADEL before 3.4.15 and 4.17.1 Cross-Organization Account Takeover via Passkey Enrollment
    37Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-23511Jan 15, 2026 · ZITADEL has a user enumeration vulnerability in Login UIs
    21Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-27840Feb 25, 2026 · ZITADEL's truncated opaque tokens are still valid
    17Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-27946Feb 25, 2026 · ZITADEL Users Can Self-Verify Email/Phone via UpdateHumanUser API
    32Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Go:github.com/zitadel/zitadel1.80.0-v2.20.0.20260225053328-b2532e966621Package registry (OSV)
Go:github.com/zitadel/zitadel/v21.80.0-v2.20.0.20260225053328-b2532e966621Package registry (OSV)
Go:github.com/zitadel/zitadel/v24.11.1Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2025-6749478 days apartZITADEL Vulnerable to Unauthenticated Full-Read SSRF via V2 Login
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-55671135 days apartZITADEL: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) and Denylist Bypass in Outgoing HTTP Components
    9Monitor
  • CVE-2026-105214221 days apartZitadel before 4.16.2 SSRF via Organization Domain HTTP Verification
    9Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

  • CVE-2025-64103119 days apartZitadel Bypass Second Authentication Factor
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-2919310 days apartZITADEL: Bypassing Zitadel Login Behavior and Security Policy in Login V2
    32Monitor
  • CVE-2026-3213014 days apartZITADEL SCIM Authentication Bypass via URL Encoding
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2026-4467178 days apartZITADEL: LDAP Filter Injection in Login Flow
    30Monitor

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • Administrator privileges are required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-918 · Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

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References

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records