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NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2026-26965: FreeRDP has Out-of-bounds Write

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 35/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.68% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 52.8% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. A user must open a link or visit a page. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: freerdp (AlmaLinux:10) 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3; freerdp-devel (AlmaLinux:10) 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3; freerdp-libs (AlmaLinux:10) 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to freerdp (AlmaLinux:10) 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3; freerdp-devel (AlmaLinux:10) 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3; freerdp-libs (AlmaLinux:10) 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.23.0, in the RLE planar decode path, `planar_decompress_plane_rle()` writes into `pDstData` at `((nYDst+y) * nDstStep) + (4*nXDst) + nChannel` without verifying that `(nYDst+nSrcHeight)` fits in the destination height or that `(nXDst+nSrcWidth)` fits in the destination stride. When `TempFormat != DstFormat`, `pDstData` becomes `planar->pTempData` (sized for the desktop), while `nYDst` is only validated against the **surface** by `is_within_surface()`. A malicious RDP server can exploit this to perform a heap out-of-bounds write with attacker-controlled offset and pixel data on any connecting FreeRDP client. The OOB write reaches up to 132,096 bytes past the temp buffer end, and on the brk heap (desktop ≤ 128×128), an adjacent `NSC_CONTEXT` struct's `decode` function pointer is overwritten with attacker-controlled pixel data — control-flow–relevant corruption (function pointer overwritten) demonstrated under deterministic heap layout (`nsc->decode = 0xFF414141FF414141`). Version 3.23.0 fixes the vulnerability.

HighCVSS 8.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Feb 25, 2026
Updated
Jul 15, 2026
EPSS
0.6% · 52th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

35

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
35 / 40 · 8.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · GitHub_M
8.8
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2026-26965

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
freerdpfreerdp

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • freerdp freerdpbefore 3.23.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • FreeRDP FreeRDP

    • < 3.23.0affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:10freerdpbefore 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.32:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3
AlmaLinux:10freerdp-develbefore 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.32:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3
AlmaLinux:10freerdp-libsbefore 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.32:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3
AlmaLinux:10freerdp-serverbefore 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.32:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3
AlmaLinux:10libwinprbefore 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.32:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3
AlmaLinux:10libwinpr-develbefore 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.32:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3
AlmaLinux:8freerdpbefore 2:2.11.7-4.el8_102:2.11.7-4.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8freerdp-develbefore 2:2.11.7-4.el8_102:2.11.7-4.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8freerdp-libsbefore 2:2.11.7-4.el8_102:2.11.7-4.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8libwinprbefore 2:2.11.7-4.el8_102:2.11.7-4.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8libwinpr-develbefore 2:2.11.7-4.el8_102:2.11.7-4.el8_10
AlmaLinux:9freerdpbefore 2:2.11.7-1.el9_7.32:2.11.7-1.el9_7.3
AlmaLinux:9freerdp-develbefore 2:2.11.7-1.el9_7.32:2.11.7-1.el9_7.3
AlmaLinux:9freerdp-libsbefore 2:2.11.7-1.el9_7.32:2.11.7-1.el9_7.3
AlmaLinux:9libwinprbefore 2:2.11.7-1.el9_7.32:2.11.7-1.el9_7.3
AlmaLinux:9libwinpr-develbefore 2:2.11.7-1.el9_7.32:2.11.7-1.el9_7.3
Alpine:v3.23freerdpbefore 3.23.0-r03.23.0-r0
Debian:12freerdp2from 0—
Debian:13freerdp3before 3.15.0+dfsg-2.1+deb13u13.15.0+dfsg-2.1+deb13u1
Debian:14freerdp3before 3.23.0+dfsg-13.23.0+dfsg-1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6freerdpbefore 2.11.2-150600.4.18.12.11.2-150600.4.18.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedfreerdpbefore 3.24.1-1.13.24.1-1.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedfreerdp2before 2.11.7-6.12.11.7-6.1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0freerdpbefore 2:3.10.3-3.el10_0.32:3.10.3-3.el10_0.3

+96

Same product

freerdp: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2018-8787FreeRDP prior to version 2.0.0-rc4 contains an Integer Overflow that leads to a Heap-Based Buffer Overflow in function gdi_Bitmap_Decompress
    42Plan
  • CVE-2018-8788FreeRDP prior to version 2.0.0-rc4 contains an Out-Of-Bounds Write of up to 4 bytes in function nsc_rle_decode() that results in a memory co
    41Plan
  • CVE-2018-8786FreeRDP prior to version 2.0.0-rc4 contains an Integer Truncation that leads to a Heap-Based Buffer Overflow in function update_read_bitmap_
    41Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-26271Feb 25, 2026 · Buffer Overread in FreeRDP Icon Processing
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-26955Feb 25, 2026 · FreeRDP has Out-of-bounds Write
    35Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-27015Feb 25, 2026 · FreeRDP: Smartcard NDR Alignment Padding Triggers Reachable WINPR_ASSERT Abort (Client DoS)
    20Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
almalinux:freerdp2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:freerdp-devel2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:freerdp-libs2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:freerdp-server2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:libwinpr2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:libwinpr-devel2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
alpine:freerdp3.23.0-r0 · Alpine:v3.23Package registry (OSV)
debian:freerdp33.15.0+dfsg-2.1+deb13u1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:freerdp2.11.2-150600.4.18.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:freerdp22.11.7-6.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp-debuginfo2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp-debugsource2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp-devel2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp-libs2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp-libs-debuginfo2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp-server2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp-server-debuginfo2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:libwinpr2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:libwinpr-debuginfo2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:libwinpr-devel2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
rocky linux:freerdp2:2.11.7-4.el8_10 · Rocky Linux:8Package registry (OSV)
suse:freerdp2.11.2-150600.4.18.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:freerdp2.4.0-150400.3.47.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:freerdp22.11.7-150700.3.14.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-121952252 days apartFreeRDP before 3.32.2 Proxy Out-of-Bounds Write via Bitmap Cache v2 Capability
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2026-269550 days apartFreeRDP has Out-of-bounds Write
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2026-68579158 days apartFreeRDP before 3.30.0 Heap Overflow via CliprdrStream_Read
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-111382233 days apartFreeRDP before 3.32.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Write in AVC444 YUV444 Combine
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-111880234 days apartFreeRDP 2.0.0 before 3.32.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via NTLM MIC Offset
    33Monitor
  • CVE-2026-2977516 days apartFreeRDP has a heap-buffer-overflow in bitmap_cache_put via OOB cacheId
    32Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-787 · Out-of-bounds Write

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (17 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records