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CVE-2026-22697· NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CryptoLib Has Heap Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in KMC Base64 Decode Handling (KMC JSON base64ciphertext/base64cleartext)

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. Prior to version 1.4.3, CryptoLib’s KMC crypto service integration is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow when decoding Base64-encoded ciphertext/cleartext fields returned by the KMC service. The decode destination buffer is sized using an expected output length (len_data_out), but the Base64 decoder writes output based on the actual Base64 input length and does not enforce any destination size limit. An oversized Base64 string in the KMC JSON response can cause out-of-bounds writes on the heap, resulting in process crash and potentially code execution under certain conditions. This issue has been patched in version 1.4.3.

HighCVSS 7.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jan 9, 2026
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.5% · 42th percentile
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Report tools

JSON

Action score

30

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
30 / 40 · 7.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.5%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · GitHub_M
7.5
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

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Affected systems

VendorProduct
nasacryptolib

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • nasa cryptolibbefore 1.4.3

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • nasa CryptoLib

    • < 1.4.3affected

Same product

nasa: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2025-46674NASA CryptoLib before 1.3.2 uses Extended Procedures that are a Work in Progress (not intended for use during flight), potentially leading t
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2025-46673NASA CryptoLib before 1.3.2 does not check whether the SA is in an operational state before use, possibly leading to a bypass of the Space D
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2025-30356Heap Buffer Overflow via Incomplete Length Check in `Crypto_TC_ApplySecurity`
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2025-30216CryptoLib Has Heap Overflow in Crypto_TM_ProcessSecurity due to Unchecked Secondary Header Length
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2025-64096CryptoLib vulnerable to Stack Buffer Overflow in Crypto_Key_Update due to missing TLV length check
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2025-46672NASA CryptoLib before 1.3.2 does not check the OTAR crypto function returned status, potentially leading to spacecraft hijacking.
    35Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
nasa CryptoLib1.4.3 · descriptionVendor (CNA)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2025-30216290 days apartCryptoLib Has Heap Overflow in Crypto_TM_ProcessSecurity due to Unchecked Secondary Header Length
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2025-29911298 days apartCryptoLib Has Heap Buffer Overflow in Crypto_AOS_ProcessSecurity Function
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2025-29912298 days apartCryptoLib Has Heap Buffer Overflow Due to Unsigned Integer Underflow in Crypto_TC_ProcessSecurity
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2025-54878151 days apartHeap Buffer Overflow in NASA CryptoLib 1.4.0 `Crypto_TC_Check_IV_Setup`
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-220270 days apartCryptoLib Vulnerable to Heap Buffer Overflow in MariaDB SA Hexstring Conversion
    22Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-122 · Heap-based Buffer Overflow

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records