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NVD / CVE Program· CNA rapid7

CVE-2026-18972: Velociraptor authenticated identity-spoofing vulnerability

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 38/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.35% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Rapid7 Velociraptor 0.77.2.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Rapid7 Velociraptor 0.77.2 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

An authenticated attacker can spoof another GUI user's identity by sending their request with the custom header \"Grpc-Metadata-USER\". This can lead to an account takeover attack from a user with low privileges to administrator.

CriticalCVSS 9.6 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Aug 11, 2026
Updated
Oct 23, 2026
EPSS
0.3% · 28th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

38

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
38 / 40 · 9.6 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · rapid7
9.6
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (rapid7). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Rapid7 Velociraptor

    • before 0.77.2affected · semver

Same product

rapid7: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-19072Velociraptor Investigator reaches SuperUser via hunt EffectivePrincipal
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2026-19583Velociraptor Required Permissions bypass by using client monitoring queries
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2026-6290Velociraptor Query() Plugin Misapplies Permissions To Orgs
    36Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-8795Jun 8, 2026 · A YAML injection vulnerability exists in the Windows.Collectors.Remapping artifact of Rapid7 Velociraptor before version 0.76.6.
    31Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-18348Aug 11, 2026 · Velociraptor NETWORK ACL bypass via upload_azure / upload_sftp / upload_smb VQL plugins
    16Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-17535Aug 11, 2026 · Velociraptor Multiple Crashes in NTFS Parser when applied to invalid NTFS Volumes
    24Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Rapid7 Velociraptor0.77.2Vendor (CNA)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-186390 days apartVelociraptor OIDC Authenticator susceptible to email spoofing
    29Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

  • CVE-2026-1958329 days apartVelociraptor Required Permissions bypass by using client monitoring queries
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2026-1920013 days apartVelociraptor Analyst overwrites live built-in artifacts through verify()
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2026-1958429 days apartVelociraptor VQL injection during notebook restore from backup
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2026-186400 days apartVelociraptor directory traversal via the NewNotebook API
    28Monitor

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
none

Impact can extend beyond the vulnerable component (scope changes).

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-290 · Authentication Bypass by Spoofing

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records