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CVE.org (no NVD analysis yet)· CNA redhat

CVE-2026-12544: Foreman: ssti and insecure deserialization in foreman-rake configuration

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 30/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.22% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. A user must open a link or visit a page. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: foreman (Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8) 0:3.12.0.23-1.el8sat; foreman-debug (Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8) 0:3.12.0.23-1.el8sat; foreman-pcp (Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8) 0:3.12.0.23-1.el8sat.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to foreman (Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8) 0:3.12.0.23-1.el8sat; foreman-debug (Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8) 0:3.12.0.23-1.el8sat; foreman-pcp (Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8) 0:3.12.0.23-1.el8sat or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

A flaw was found in Foreman. The foreman-rake initialization logic in /usr/share/foreman/config/settings.rb contains a vulnerable code pattern where configuration data is processed through two distinct executable layers. This creates a multi-stage execution chain that allows for both Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) and insecure deserialization. This vulnerability can lead to remote code execution, total infrastructure compromise and supply chain risk.

HighCVSS 7.7 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Oct 1, 2026
Updated
Oct 8, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 13th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

30

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
30 / 40 · 7.7 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · redhat
7.7
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2026-12544

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
redhatsatellite
redhatenterprise linux
theforemanforeman

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • redhat satellite6.16 and later · before 6.16.4
  • redhat satellite6.17 and later · before 6.17.12
  • redhat satellite6.19 and later · before 6.19.5
  • redhat satellite6.18 and later · before 6.18.10
  • redhat satellite6.0
  • theforeman foremanall versions

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (redhat). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6

    • all versionsaffected

  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8

    • 0:3.12.0.23-1.el8sat and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 9

    • 0:3.12.0.23-1.el9sat and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6.17 for RHEL 9

    • 0:3.14.0.22-1.el9sat and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6.18 for RHEL 9

    • 0:3.16.0.25-1.el9sat and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6.19 for RHEL 9

    • 0:3.18.0.14-1.el9sat and laternot affected · rpm

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8foremanbefore 0:3.12.0.23-1.el8sat0:3.12.0.23-1.el8sat
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8foreman-debugbefore 0:3.12.0.23-1.el8sat0:3.12.0.23-1.el8sat
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8foreman-pcpbefore 0:3.12.0.23-1.el8sat0:3.12.0.23-1.el8sat
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8python-dynaconfbefore 0:3.2.13-1.el8pc0:3.2.13-1.el8pc
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8python-gitpythonbefore 0:3.1.62-1.el8pc0:3.1.62-1.el8pc
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8python-lxmlbefore 0:4.9.2-5.el8pc0:4.9.2-5.el8pc
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8python-lxml-debugsourcebefore 0:4.9.2-5.el8pc0:4.9.2-5.el8pc
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8python-pulpcorebefore 0:3.49.39-4.el8pc0:3.49.39-4.el8pc
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8python-sqlparsebefore 0:0.6.0-1.el8pc0:0.6.0-1.el8pc
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8python3.11-dynaconfbefore 0:3.2.13-1.el8pc0:3.2.13-1.el8pc
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8python3.11-gitpythonbefore 0:3.1.62-1.el8pc0:3.1.62-1.el8pc
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8python3.11-lxmlbefore 0:4.9.2-5.el8pc0:4.9.2-5.el8pc
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8python3.11-lxml-debuginfobefore 0:4.9.2-5.el8pc0:4.9.2-5.el8pc
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8python3.11-pulpcorebefore 0:3.49.39-4.el8pc0:3.49.39-4.el8pc
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8python3.11-sqlparsebefore 0:0.6.0-1.el8pc0:0.6.0-1.el8pc
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8satellitebefore 0:6.16.14-1.el8sat0:6.16.14-1.el8sat
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8satellite-capsulebefore 0:6.16.14-1.el8sat0:6.16.14-1.el8sat
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el8satellite-commonbefore 0:6.16.14-1.el8sat0:6.16.14-1.el8sat
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el9foremanbefore 0:3.12.0.23-1.el9sat0:3.12.0.23-1.el9sat
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el9foreman-debugbefore 0:3.12.0.23-1.el9sat0:3.12.0.23-1.el9sat
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el9foreman-pcpbefore 0:3.12.0.23-1.el9sat0:3.12.0.23-1.el9sat
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el9python-lxmlbefore 0:4.9.2-5.el9pc0:4.9.2-5.el9pc
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el9python-lxml-debugsourcebefore 0:4.9.2-5.el9pc0:4.9.2-5.el9pc
Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.16::el9python-pulpcorebefore 0:3.49.39-4.el9pc0:3.49.39-4.el9pc

+96

Same product

redhat: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2019-10137A path traversal flaw was found in spacewalk-proxy, all versions through 2.9, in the way the proxy processes cached client tokens.
    40Plan
  • CVE-2024-7923Puppet-pulpcore: an authentication bypass vulnerability exists in pulpcore
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2024-7012Puppet-foreman: an authentication bypass vulnerability exists in foreman
    39Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-12540Oct 1, 2026 · Foreman: command injection in foreman-rake errors:fetch_log via request_id parameter
    32Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-12541Oct 1, 2026 · Foreman: command injection in foreman-rake database tasks
    32Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-96658Oct 1, 2026 · Foreman: foreman: arbitrary code execution via safemode sandbox bypass
    35Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
red hat:foreman0:3.18.0.14-1.el9sat · Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.19::el9Package registry (OSV)
red hat:foreman-cli0:3.18.0.14-1.el9sat · Red Hat:satellite_utils:6.19::el9Package registry (OSV)
red hat:foreman-debug0:3.18.0.14-1.el9sat · Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.19::el9Package registry (OSV)
red hat:foreman-dynflow-sidekiq0:3.18.0.14-1.el9sat · Red Hat:satellite:6.19::el9Package registry (OSV)
red hat:foreman-ec20:3.18.0.14-1.el9sat · Red Hat:satellite:6.19::el9Package registry (OSV)
red hat:foreman-journald0:3.18.0.14-1.el9sat · Red Hat:satellite:6.19::el9Package registry (OSV)
red hat:foreman-libvirt0:3.18.0.14-1.el9sat · Red Hat:satellite:6.19::el9Package registry (OSV)
red hat:foreman-openstack0:3.18.0.14-1.el9sat · Red Hat:satellite:6.19::el9Package registry (OSV)
red hat:foreman-pcp0:3.18.0.14-1.el9sat · Red Hat:satellite_capsule:6.19::el9Package registry (OSV)
red hat:foreman-postgresql0:3.18.0.14-1.el9sat · Red Hat:satellite:6.19::el9Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rubygem-foreman_remote_execution0:16.5.3-2.el9sat · Red Hat:satellite:6.19::el9Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rubygem-foreman_remote_execution-cockpit0:16.5.3-2.el9sat · Red Hat:satellite:6.19::el9Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Published
  2. Fix recorded+1 d
  3. TodayNov 10, 2026+39 d
EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

—

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

  • CVE-2026-124230 days apartForeman: unauthenticated information disclosure via provisioning token validation flaw
    30Monitor

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • Administrator privileges are required.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted

Impact can extend beyond the vulnerable component (scope changes).

Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
High
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-502 · Deserialization of Untrusted Data

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Root cause

Data received over the network is deserialized into the language’s native object format without verifying its source. Code paths inside the object can be triggered during deserialization.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-502 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

python
payload = sock.recv(65536)job = pickle.loads(payload)

Fixed

python
payload = sock.recv(65536)if not hmac.compare_digest(sign(payload), header_sig):    raise PermissionError("invalid signature")job = JobSchema.validate(json.loads(payload))

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓
  2. SSVC exploitation— → none
  3. Exploit maturity— → none

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (6 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records