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CVE.org (no NVD analysis yet)· CNA VulnCheck

CVE-2026-111233: Netgate pfSense CE 2.7.1 through 2.9.0 Reflected XSS via firewall_rules.php

LowCVSS 2.3 · v4.0—No exploit No fix recorded

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 9/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 65.1% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
  • According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Low priority for now. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Netgate pfSense CE 2.7.1 through 2.9.0 contains a reflected cross-site scripting vulnerability in firewall_rules.php that allows remote attackers to inject script via the unencoded if parameter. When the non-default Require Firewall Interface option is enabled, attackers can lure users with firewall rules privileges into opening a crafted GET link to execute script in the WebGUI with their privileges.

Published
Oct 15, 2026
Updated
Oct 19, 2026
EPSS
1.0% · 65th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

9

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
9 / 40 · 2.3 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 1.0%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · VulnCheck
2.3
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2026-111233

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
pfsensepfsense

Limit the impact of XSS

This is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability. A well-configured Content-Security-Policy doesn't fix it, but greatly reduces its impact. Check your site's CSP and other security headers for free.

Check security headers

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (VulnCheck). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Netgate pfSense CE

    • 2.7.1 and later · up to and including 2.9.0affected · semver

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • pfsense pfsense2.7.1 and later · up to 2.9.0 inclusive

Same product

pfsense: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2021-41282diag_routes.php in pfSense 2.5.2 allows sed data injection.
    61This week
  • CVE-2016-10709pfSense before 2.3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary OS commands via a '|' character in the status_rrd_graph_img.php…
    45Plan
  • CVE-2023-29974An issue discovered in Pfsense CE version 2.6.0 allows attackers to compromise user accounts via weak password requirements.
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-111228Oct 15, 2026 · Netgate pfSense CE 2.7.1 through 2.9.0 CRLF Injection via services_unbound_advanced.php
    21Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-111230Oct 15, 2026 · Netgate pfSense CE through 2.9.0 Local File Read via Dynamic DNS Update URL
    27Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-111232Oct 15, 2026 · Netgate pfSense CE 2.3.0 through 2.9.0 Stored XSS via Separator Color
    19Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days+1% in 7 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2025-34175401 days apartNetgate pfSense CE Suricata package v7.0.8_2 Reflected Cross-Site Scripting
    27Monitor
  • CVE-2025-34174401 days apartNetgate pfSense CE Status_Traffic_Totals Package v2.3.2_7 Stored Cross-Site Scripting
    25Monitor
  • CVE-2025-34178401 days apartNetgate pfSense CE Suricata package v7.0.8_2 Stored Cross-Site Scripting
    22Monitor
  • CVE-2025-34177401 days apartNetgate pfSense CE Suricata package v7.0.8_2 Stored Cross-Site Scripting
    20Monitor
  • CVE-2026-1112320 days apartNetgate pfSense CE 2.3.0 through 2.9.0 Stored XSS via Separator Color
    19Monitor
  • CVE-2025-34172401 days apartNetgate pfSense CE HAProxy Package 0.63_10 Reflected Cross-Site Scripting
    19Monitor

Not on record for this CVE: patch commit or PR link · public bounty program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
None
User interaction
P
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-79 · Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Root cause

User content is inserted into the page as HTML. The browser interprets the content as code rather than data.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-79 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

ts
commentEl.innerHTML = comment.body;

Fixed

ts
commentEl.textContent = comment.body;

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

References

Show all references (4 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records