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NVD / CVE Program· CNA VulDB

CVE-2025-8181: TOTOLINK N600R/X2000R FTP Service vsftpd.conf least privilege violation

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 34/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1.1% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 66.1% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Low priority for now. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in TOTOLINK N600R and X2000R 1.0.0.1. This affects an unknown part of the file vsftpd.conf of the component FTP Service. The manipulation leads to least privilege violation. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely.

HighCVSS 8.6 · v4.0—No exploit No fix recorded
Published
Jul 26, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
1.1% · 66th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

34

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
34 / 40 · 8.6 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 1.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · VulDB
8.6
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-8181

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
totolinkn600r firmware
totolinkn600r
totolinkx2000r firmware
totolinkx2000r

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • totolink n600r firmware4.3.0
  • totolink x2000r firmware1.0.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (VulDB). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • TOTOLINK N600R

    • 1.0.0.1affected

  • TOTOLINK X2000R

    • 1.0.0.1affected

Same product

totolink: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2022-26187TOTOLINK N600R V4.3.0cu.7570_B20200620 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the pingCheck function.
    45Plan
  • CVE-2025-51390TOTOLINK N600R V4.3.0cu.7647_B20210106 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the pin parameter in the setWiFiWpsCo
    40Plan
  • CVE-2022-29399TOTOLINK N600R V4.3.0cu.7647_B20210106 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the url parameter in the function FUN_00415bf0.
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-22903Apr 15, 2025 · TOTOLINK N600R V4.3.0cu.7647_B20210106 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the pin parameter in the function setWiFiWpsConfig.
    18Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-46060Jun 13, 2025 · Buffer Overflow vulnerability in TOTOLINK N600R v4.3.0cu.7866_B2022506 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the UPLOAD_FIL
    39Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-9935Sep 4, 2025 · TOTOLINK N600R cstecgi.cgi sub_4159F8 command injection
    23Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • Administrator privileges are required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-266 · Incorrect Privilege Assignment

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Show all references (4 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records