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NVD / CVE Program· CNA apache

CVE-2025-59454: Apache CloudStack: Lack of user permission validation leading to data leak for few APIs

MediumCVSS 4.3 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 17/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.38% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Apache Software Foundation Apache CloudStack 4.20.2, 4.22.0.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Apache Software Foundation Apache CloudStack 4.20.2, 4.22.0 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In Apache CloudStack, a gap in access control checks affected the APIs - createNetworkACL - listNetworkACLs - listResourceDetails - listVirtualMachinesUsageHistory - listVolumesUsageHistory While these APIs were accessible only to authorized users, insufficient permission validation meant that users could occasionally access information beyond their intended scope. Users are recommended to upgrade to Apache CloudStack 4.20.2.0 or 4.22.0.0, which fixes the issue.

Published
Nov 27, 2025
Updated
Oct 18, 2026
EPSS
0.3% · 33th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

17

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
17 / 40 · 4.3 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
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  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
apachecloudstack

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (apache). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Apache Software Foundation Apache CloudStack

    • 4.0.0 and later · before 4.20.2affected · semver
    • 4.21.0 and later · before 4.22.0affected · semver

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • apache cloudstack4.0.0 and later · before 4.20.2.0
  • apache cloudstack4.21.0.0

Same product

apache: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2012-4501Citrix Cloud.com CloudStack, and Apache CloudStack pre-release, allows remote attackers to make arbitrary API calls by leveraging the…
    42Plan
  • CVE-2022-35741Apache CloudStack SAML Single Sign-On XXE
    41Plan
  • CVE-2016-6813Apache CloudStack 4.1 to 4.8.1.0 and 4.9.0.0 contain an API call designed to allow a user to register for the developer API.
    41Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-30675Jun 10, 2025 · Apache CloudStack: Unauthorised template/ISO list access to the domain/resource admins
    18Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-59302Nov 27, 2025 · Apache CloudStack: Potential remote code execution on Javascript engine defined rules
    18Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-66170May 8, 2026 · Apache CloudStack: Any user can list backups that they should not have access to
    26Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Apache Software Foundation Apache CloudStack4.20.2Vendor (CNA)
Apache Software Foundation Apache CloudStack4.22.0Vendor (CNA)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-25199162 days apartApache CloudStack: Proxmox Extension Allows Unauthorized Cross-Tenant Instance Access
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2025-26521170 days apartApache CloudStack: CKS cluster in project exposes user API keys
    32Monitor
  • CVE-2026-50222267 days apartApache CloudStack: Improper access control in Userdata reference APIs
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2026-59655267 days apartApache CloudStack: Unauthenticated OAuth provider client-secret disclosure
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2026-59780267 days apartApache CloudStack: LDAP provider configuration disclosure
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2026-61397267 days apartApache CloudStack: OAuth2 Token Cross-Request Leak
    30Monitor

Not on record for this CVE: EPSS history · patch commit or PR link · public bounty program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
low · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
none
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
Low
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-200 · Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

nvd-secondary

Root cause

The extension requests broader permissions than its function needs and sends the data it collects out for purposes beyond its stated function.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-200 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

json
{  "permissions": ["tabs", "<all_urls>"],  "background": { "service_worker": "analytics.js" }}

Fixed

json
{  "permissions": ["activeTab"],  "host_permissions": ["https://yildiz.example/*"]}

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records