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CVE-2025-59287· NVD / CVE Program· CNA microsoft

Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Deserialization of untrusted data in Windows Server Update Service allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

CriticalCVSS 9.8 · v3.1KEVWeaponized No fix recorded
Published
Oct 14, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
100.0% · 100th percentile
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JSON

Action score

99

Now

Patch today or shut off access.

CVSS
39 / 40 · 9.8 / 10
CISA KEV
30 / 30 · Listed
EPSS
30 / 30 · 100.0%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
active
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · microsoft
9.8
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Actively exploited in the wild

CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on Oct 24, 2025. That signals real attacks, not theory.

Remediation deadline for government agencies: Nov 14, 2025.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
microsoftwindows server 2012
microsoftwindows server 2016
microsoftwindows server 2019
microsoftwindows server 2022
microsoftwindows server 2022 23h2
microsoftwindows server 2025

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Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • microsoft windows server 2012all versions
  • microsoft windows server 2012r2
  • microsoft windows server 2016before 10.0.14393.8524
  • microsoft windows server 2019before 10.0.17763.7922
  • microsoft windows server 2022before 10.0.20348.4297
  • microsoft windows server 2022 23h2before 10.0.25398.1916
  • microsoft windows server 2025before 10.0.26100.6905

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (microsoft). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2012

    • 6.2.9200.0 and later · before 6.2.9200.25728affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)

    • 6.2.9200.0 and later · before 6.2.9200.25728affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2

    • 6.3.9600.0 and later · before 6.3.9600.22826affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)

    • 6.3.9600.0 and later · before 6.3.9600.22826affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2016

    • 10.0.14393.0 and later · before 10.0.14393.8524affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)

    • 10.0.14393.0 and later · before 10.0.14393.8524affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2019

    • 10.0.17763.0 and later · before 10.0.17763.7922affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)

    • 10.0.17763.0 and later · before 10.0.17763.7922affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2022

    • 10.0.20348.0 and later · before 10.0.20348.4297affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)

    • 10.0.25398.0 and later · before 10.0.25398.1916affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2025

    • 10.0.26100.0 and later · before 10.0.26100.6905affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)

    • 10.0.26100.0 and later · before 10.0.26100.6905affected

Same product

microsoft: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2023-24941Windows Network File System Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    67This week
  • CVE-2020-0609A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Windows Remote Desktop Gateway (RD Gateway) when an unauthenticated attacker connects to the
    62This week
  • CVE-2022-30136Windows Network File System Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    61This week
  • CVE-2020-0610A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Windows Remote Desktop Gateway (RD Gateway) when an unauthenticated attacker connects to the
    59Plan
  • CVE-2013-3182The Windows NAT Driver (aka winnat) service in Microsoft Windows Server 2012 does not properly validate memory addresses during the processi
    59Plan
  • CVE-2019-0785A memory corruption vulnerability exists in the Windows Server DHCP service when an attacker sends specially crafted packets to a DHCP failo
    54Plan

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Evidence

  • Metasploit module ×1
  • Nuclei detection template ×1
  • Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×23

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
SourceKindDate
Metasploit moduleexploit/windows/http/wsus_deserialization_rceWindows Server Update Service Deserialization Remote Code Executionexploit2025-10-14
Nuclei detection templateNuclei template CVE-2025-59287 —
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02025-10-27
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:1752025-10-25
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02025-10-25
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:162025-10-25
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:12025-10-26
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:262025-10-27
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:182025-10-27
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02025-10-27
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:462025-10-27
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:32025-10-28

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Metasploit-1 d
  2. Published
  3. CISA KEV+9 d
  4. First PoC+10 d
  5. TodaySep 29, 2026+350 d
EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-502 · Deserialization of Untrusted Data

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Root cause

Data received over the network is deserialized into the language’s native object format without verifying its source. Code paths inside the object can be triggered during deserialization.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-502 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

python
payload = sock.recv(65536)job = pickle.loads(payload)

Fixed

python
payload = sock.recv(65536)if not hmac.compare_digest(sign(payload), header_sig):    raise PermissionError("invalid signature")job = JobSchema.validate(json.loads(payload))

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.

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Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records