NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2025-55214: Copier safe template has filesystem write access outside destination path

MediumCVSS 6.9 · v4.0—No exploit Fix available

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 27/100)

The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.28% (FIRST EPSS).
Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. No account or password is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
Fixed version: copier-org copier 9.9.1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to copier-org copier 9.9.1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Copier library and CLI app for rendering project templates. From 7.1.0 to before 9.9.1, Copier suggests that it's safe to generate a project from a safe template, i.e. one that doesn't use unsafe features like custom Jinja extensions which would require passing the --UNSAFE,--trust flag. As it turns out, a safe template can currently write files outside the destination path where a project shall be generated or updated. This is possible when rendering a generated directory structure whose rendered path is either a relative parent path or an absolute path. Constructing such paths is possible using Copier's builtin pathjoin Jinja filter and its builtin _copier_conf.sep variable, which is the platform-native path separator. This way, a malicious template author can create a template that overwrites arbitrary files (according to the user's write permissions), e.g., to cause havoc. This vulnerability is fixed in 9.9.1.

Path traversal

Published: Aug 18, 2025
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 0.2% · 20th percentile
CWE: CWE-22

Report tools

JSON

Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 27 / 40 · 6.9 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: proof of concept
Automatable: no
Technical impact: partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: —
CNA · GitHub_M: 6.9; NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
No public exploit code on record
A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Is your version affected? Check it

Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

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Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

copier-org copier
- >= 7.1.0, < 9.9.1affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Ecosystem	Package	Affected range	Fix
PyPI	copier	from 7.1.0 · before 9.9.1	9.9.1

Same product

copier-org: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2026-53951Copier: trust-prefix bypass via path traversal runs tasks unprompted
35Monitor
CVE-2025-55201Copier safe template has arbitrary filesystem read/write access
34Monitor
CVE-2026-62999Copier: Percent-encoded dot segments in template URLs can allow trusted-prefix escape (Incomplete fix for trust-prefix bypass)
30Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

Later →CVE-2026-23968Jan 21, 2026 · Copier safe template has arbitrary filesystem read access via symlinks when _preserve_symlinks: false
27Monitor
Later →CVE-2026-23986Jan 21, 2026 · Copier safe template has arbitrary filesystem write access via directory symlinks when _preserve_symlinks: true
27Monitor
Later →CVE-2026-34726Apr 2, 2026 · Copier `_subdirectory` allows template root escape via parent-directory traversal
17Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
copier-org copier	9.9.1 · description	Vendor (CNA)
PyPI:copier	9.9.1	Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

copier-org/copiercommit fdbc016

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

CVE-2026-53951324 days apartCopier: trust-prefix bypass via path traversal runs tasks unprompted
35Monitor
CVE-2025-552010 days apartCopier safe template has arbitrary filesystem read/write access
34Monitor
CVE-2026-62999347 days apartCopier: Percent-encoded dot segments in template URLs can allow trusted-prefix escape (Incomplete fix for trust-prefix bypass)
30Monitor
CVE-2026-34730227 days apartCopier `_external_data` allows path traversal and absolute-path local file read without unsafe mode
22Monitor
CVE-2026-34726227 days apartCopier `_subdirectory` allows template root escape via parent-directory traversal
17Monitor

Not on record for this CVE: EPSS history · researcher credit · public bounty program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
No account or password is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability

Attack vector: Local
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: None
User interaction: P
Scope: X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-22 · Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Root cause

A user-supplied file name is joined with the allowed directory, but the result is never checked to confirm it is still inside that directory.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-22 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1const file = path.join(ROOT, req.query.name);
2res.sendFile(file);

Fixed

1const file = path.resolve(ROOT, req.query.name);
2if (!file.startsWith(ROOT + path.sep)) {
3  return res.sendStatus(400);
4}
5res.sendFile(file);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

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Change log (1)

Fix✗ → ✓Sep 28, 2026, 10:46 PM UTC

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

github.com/copier-org/copier/commit/fdbc0167cc22780b497e4db176feaf6f024757d6

Show all references (1 more)

github.com/copier-org/copier/security/advisories/GHSA-p7q8-grrj-3m8w

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records