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NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2025-55000: OpenBao TOTP Secrets Engine Enables Code Reuse

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 26/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.23% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: openbao (Alpine:v3.22) 2.3.2-r0; github.com/openbao/openbao (Go) 2.3.2, 0.0.0-20250806193153-183891f8d535; govulncheck-vulndb (openSUSE:Leap 15.6) 0.0.20250814T182633-150000.1.98.1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to openbao (Alpine:v3.22) 2.3.2-r0; github.com/openbao/openbao (Go) 2.3.2, 0.0.0-20250806193153-183891f8d535; govulncheck-vulndb (openSUSE:Leap 15.6) 0.0.20250814T182633-150000.1.98.1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 0.1.0 through 2.3.1, OpenBao's TOTP secrets engine could accept valid codes multiple times rather than strictly-once. This was caused by unexpected normalization in the underlying TOTP library. To work around, ensure that all codes are first normalized before submitting to the OpenBao endpoint. TOTP code verification is a privileged action; only trusted systems should be verifying codes.

MediumCVSS 6.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Aug 8, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 14th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

26

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
26 / 40 · 6.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · GitHub_M
6.5
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-55000

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
openbaoopenbao

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • openbao openbaobefore 2.3.2

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • openbao openbao

    • >= 0.1.0, < 2.3.2affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Alpine:v3.22openbaobefore 2.3.2-r02.3.2-r0
Gogithub.com/openbao/openbaofrom 0.1.0—
Gogithub.com/openbao/openbaofrom 0.1.0 · before 2.3.22.3.2
Gogithub.com/openbao/openbaobefore 0.0.0-20250806193153-183891f8d5350.0.0-20250806193153-183891f8d535
openSUSE:Leap 15.6govulncheck-vulndbbefore 0.0.20250814T182633-150000.1.98.10.0.20250814T182633-150000.1.98.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedgovulncheck-vulndbbefore 0.0.20250811T192933-1.10.0.20250811T192933-1.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedopenbaobefore 2.3.2-1.12.3.2-1.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6govulncheck-vulndbbefore 0.0.20250814T182633-150000.1.98.10.0.20250814T182633-150000.1.98.1

Same product

openbao: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-33758OpenBao has Reflected XSS in its OIDC authentication error message
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2026-63132OpenBao's Recovery Mode Vulnerable To Token Leakage via Timing Attack
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2025-54997OpenBao: Privileged Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host
    36Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-54998Aug 8, 2025 · OpenBao Userpass and LDAP User Lockout Bypass
    21Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-54999Aug 8, 2025 · OpenBao: Timing Side-Channel in Userpass Auth Method
    14Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-55001Aug 8, 2025 · OpenBao LDAP MFA Enforcement Bypass When Using Username As Alias
    26Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
alpine:openbao2.3.2-r0 · Alpine:v3.22Package registry (OSV)
Go:github.com/openbao/openbao0.0.0-20250806193153-183891f8d535Package registry (OSV)
Go:github.com/openbao/openbao2.3.2Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:govulncheck-vulndb0.0.20250814T182633-150000.1.98.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:openbao2.3.2-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
suse:govulncheck-vulndb0.0.20250814T182633-150000.1.98.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2025-550010 days apartOpenBao LDAP MFA Enforcement Bypass When Using Username As Alias
    26Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
none
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-156 · Improper Neutralization of Whitespace

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records