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CVE-2025-54874· NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

OpenJPEG allows OOB heap memory write in opj_jp2_read_header

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 26/100)

  • Public proof-of-concept code exists (GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.62% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: openjpeg2 (AlmaLinux:10) 2.5.2-4.el10_0.1; openjpeg2-devel (AlmaLinux:10) 2.5.2-4.el10_0.1; openjpeg2-tools (AlmaLinux:10) 2.5.2-4.el10_0.1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to openjpeg2 (AlmaLinux:10) 2.5.2-4.el10_0.1; openjpeg2-devel (AlmaLinux:10) 2.5.2-4.el10_0.1; openjpeg2-tools (AlmaLinux:10) 2.5.2-4.el10_0.1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

OpenJPEG is an open-source JPEG 2000 codec. In OpenJPEG from 2.5.1 through 2.5.3, a call to opj_jp2_read_header may lead to OOB heap memory write when the data stream p_stream is too short and p_image is not initialized.

MediumCVSS 6.6 · v4.0—Proof of concept Fix available
Published
Aug 5, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.6% · 48th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

26

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
26 / 40 · 6.6 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · GitHub_M
6.6
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • Proof of concept exists, no weaponized module
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
uclouvainopenjpeg

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • uclouvain openjpegup to 2.5.3 inclusive

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • uclouvain openjpeg

    • >= 2.5.1, <= 2.5.3affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:10openjpeg2before 2.5.2-4.el10_0.12.5.2-4.el10_0.1
AlmaLinux:10openjpeg2-develbefore 2.5.2-4.el10_0.12.5.2-4.el10_0.1
AlmaLinux:10openjpeg2-toolsbefore 2.5.2-4.el10_0.12.5.2-4.el10_0.1
Alpine:v3.21openjpegbefore 2.5.4-r02.5.4-r0
Alpine:v3.23openjpegbefore 2.5.3-r12.5.3-r1
Debian:13openjpeg2before 2.5.3-2.1~deb13u12.5.3-2.1~deb13u1
Debian:14openjpeg2before 2.5.3-2.12.5.3-2.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedchromiumbefore 139.0.7258.66-1.1139.0.7258.66-1.1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0openjpeg2before 0:2.5.2-4.el10_0.10:2.5.2-4.el10_0.1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0openjpeg2-debuginfobefore 0:2.5.2-4.el10_0.10:2.5.2-4.el10_0.1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0openjpeg2-debugsourcebefore 0:2.5.2-4.el10_0.10:2.5.2-4.el10_0.1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0openjpeg2-develbefore 0:2.5.2-4.el10_0.10:2.5.2-4.el10_0.1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0openjpeg2-toolsbefore 0:2.5.2-4.el10_0.10:2.5.2-4.el10_0.1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0openjpeg2-tools-debuginfobefore 0:2.5.2-4.el10_0.10:2.5.2-4.el10_0.1
Rocky Linux:10openjpeg2before 0:2.5.2-4.el10_0.10:2.5.2-4.el10_0.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0openjpeg2before 2.5.3-160000.4.12.5.3-160000.4.1

Same product

uclouvain: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2012-3358Multiple heap-based buffer overflows in the j2k_read_sot function in j2k.c in OpenJPEG 1.5 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of servi
    42Plan
  • CVE-2017-17480In OpenJPEG 2.3.0, a stack-based buffer overflow was discovered in the pgxtovolume function in jp3d/convert.c.
    41Plan
  • CVE-2013-4290Stack-based buffer overflow in OpenJPEG before 1.5.2 allows remote attackers to have unspecified impact via unknown vectors to (1) lib/openj
    41Plan
  • CVE-2013-4289Multiple integer overflows in lib/openjp3d/jp3d.c in OpenJPEG before 1.5.2 allow remote attackers to have unspecified impact and vectors, wh
    41Plan
  • CVE-2017-17479In OpenJPEG 2.3.0, a stack-based buffer overflow was discovered in the pgxtoimage function in jpwl/convert.c.
    40Plan
  • CVE-2018-7648An issue was discovered in mj2/opj_mj2_extract.c in OpenJPEG 2.3.0.
    39Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
almalinux:openjpeg22.5.2-4.el10_0.1 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:openjpeg2-devel2.5.2-4.el10_0.1 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:openjpeg2-tools2.5.2-4.el10_0.1 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
alpine:openjpeg2.5.4-r0 · Alpine:v3.21Package registry (OSV)
debian:openjpeg22.5.3-2.1~deb13u1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:chromium139.0.7258.66-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:openjpeg20:2.5.2-4.el10_0.1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:openjpeg2-debuginfo0:2.5.2-4.el10_0.1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:openjpeg2-debugsource0:2.5.2-4.el10_0.1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:openjpeg2-devel0:2.5.2-4.el10_0.1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:openjpeg2-tools0:2.5.2-4.el10_0.1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:openjpeg2-tools-debuginfo0:2.5.2-4.el10_0.1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)
rocky linux:openjpeg20:2.5.2-4.el10_0.1 · Rocky Linux:10Package registry (OSV)
suse:openjpeg22.5.3-160000.4.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

Proof of concept available

A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.

Evidence

  • Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
SourceKindDate
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02025-10-19

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Published
  2. First PoC+75 d
  3. TodayOct 17, 2026+438 d
EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-457 · Use of Uninitialized Variable

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records