NVD / CVE Program· CNA google_android

CVE-2025-48593: In bta_hf_client_cb_init of bta_hf_client_main.cc, there is a possible remote code execution due to a use after free.

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 32/100)

Public proof-of-concept code exists (GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.87% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 58.7% of all records.
Someone on the same network segment can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Low priority for now. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In bta_hf_client_cb_init of bta_hf_client_main.cc, there is a possible remote code execution due to a use after free. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

HighCVSS 8.0 · v3.1—Proof of concept No fix recorded

BDU:2025-13912

Published: Nov 18, 2025
Updated: Sep 25, 2026
EPSS: 0.8% · 58th percentile
CWE: CWE-416

Report tools

JSON

Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 32 / 40 · 8.0 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 0.8%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical impact: total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
Proof of concept exists, no weaponized module
No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
google	android	cpe:2.3:o:google:android

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

google android13.0
google android14.0
google android15.0
google android16.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (google_android). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

Google Android
- 16, 15, 14, 13affected

Same product

google: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2019-2215A use-after-free in binder.c allows an elevation of privilege from an application to the Linux Kernel.KEV
83Now
CVE-2011-1823The vold volume manager daemon on Android 3.0 and 2.x before 2.3.4 trusts messages that are received from a PF_NETLINK socket, which allows KEV
73This week
CVE-2015-1538Integer overflow in the SampleTable::setSampleToChunkParams function in SampleTable.cpp in libstagefright in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48I all
70This week

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2025-20745Nov 4, 2025 · In apusys, there is a possible memory corruption due to use after free.
16Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2025-20749Nov 4, 2025 · In charger, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check.
26Monitor
Later →CVE-2025-11131Dec 1, 2025 · In nr modem, there is a possible system crash due to improper input validation.
30Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Proof of concept available

A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.

Evidence

Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×4

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
Source	Kind	Date
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:2	2025-11-06
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:8	2025-11-08
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:57	2025-11-10
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:6	2025-11-16

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

First PoCNov 6, 2025-12 d
PublishedNov 18, 2025
TodayOct 29, 2026+346 d

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

CVE-2025-4854375 days apartIn multiple locations, there is a possible way to escape chrome sandbox to attack android system_server due to a use after free.KEV
65This week
CVE-2024-47040335 days apartUse After Free in the android.hardware.radio.sap.ISap/slot2 service
40Plan
CVE-2025-2240884 days apartIn rfc_check_send_cmd of rfc_utils.cc, there is a possible way to execute arbitrary code due to a use after free.
39Monitor
CVE-2025-007584 days apartIn process_service_search_attr_req of sdp_server.cc, there is a possible way to execute arbitrary code due to a use after free.
39Monitor
CVE-2025-007484 days apartIn process_service_attr_rsp of sdp_discovery.cc, there is a possible way to execute arbitrary code due to a use after free.
39Monitor
CVE-2025-2240384 days apartIn sdp_snd_service_search_req of sdp_discovery.cc, there is a possible way to execute arbitrary code due to a use after free.
39Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

CVE-2025-4857220 days apartIn multiple locations, there is a possible way to launch activities from the background due to a permissions bypass.KEV
61This week

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Someone on the same network segment can trigger it.
A low-privileged account is enough.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Adjacent
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-416 · Use After Free

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Root cause

After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-416 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1free(dev->buf);
2/* ... another thread is still running ... */
3process(dev->buf);

Fixed

1lock(&dev->lock);
2free(dev->buf);
3dev->buf = NULL;
4unlock(&dev->lock);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Bluetooth/+/5ed63461b44198c80d5aff7e1af1df812f782abb

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records