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NVD / CVE Program· CNA AMD

CVE-2025-48514: Insufficient Granularity of Access Control in SEV firmware can allow a privileged attacker to create a SEV-ES Guest to attack SNP guest, pot

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 16/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.16% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: amd64-microcode (Debian:14) 3.20260923.1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to amd64-microcode (Debian:14) 3.20260923.1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Insufficient Granularity of Access Control in SEV firmware can allow a privileged attacker to create a SEV-ES Guest to attack SNP guest, potentially resulting in a loss of confidentiality.

MediumCVSS 4.0 · v4.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
Feb 10, 2026
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 5th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

16

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
16 / 40 · 4.0 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · AMD
4.0
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-48514

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (AMD). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • AMD AMD EPYC™ 7003 Series Processors

    • MilanPI 1.0.0.Hnot affected

  • AMD AMD EPYC™ 8004 Series Processors

    • Genoa++_1.0.0.Hnot affected

  • AMD AMD EPYC™ 9004 Series Processors

    • Genoa++_1.0.0.Hnot affected

  • AMD AMD EPYC™ 9005 Series Processors

    • TurinPI 1.0.0.6not affected

  • AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 7003 Series Processors

    • EmbMilanPI-SP3 v9 1.0.0.Cnot affected

  • AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 8004 Series Processors

    • EmbGenoaPI-SP5 1.0.0.Cnot affected

  • AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9004 Series Processors (formerly codenamed "Bergamo")

    • EmbGenoaPI-SP5 1.0.0.Cnot affected

  • AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9004 Series Processors (formerly codenamed "Genoa")

    • EmbGenoaPI-SP5 1.0.0.Cnot affected

  • AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9005 Series Processors

    • EmbTurinPI-SP5_1.0.0.1not affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12amd64-microcodefrom 0—
Debian:14amd64-microcodebefore 3.20260923.13.20260923.1

Same product

amd: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2025-61972Missing lock bit protection for NBIO registers could allow a local admin-privileged attacker to gain arbitrary System Management Network (SM
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2025-54502Incorrect use of boot service in the AMD Platform Configuration Blob (APCB) SMM driver could allow a privileged attacker with local access (
    28Monitor
  • CVE-2025-29950Improper input validation in system management mode (SMM) could allow a privileged attacker to overwrite stack memory leading to arbitrary c
    28Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-29939Feb 10, 2026 · Improper access control in secure encrypted virtualization (SEV) could allow a privileged attacker to write to the reverse map page (RMP) du
    27Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-48509Feb 10, 2026 · Missing Checks in certain functions related to RMP initialization can allow a local admin privileged attacker to cause misidentification of
    7Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-52536Feb 10, 2026 · Improper Prevention of Lock Bit Modification in SEV firmware could allow a privileged attacker to downgrade firmware potentially resulting i
    26Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
debian:amd64-microcode3.20260923.1 · Debian:14Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • Administrator privileges are required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-1220 · Insufficient Granularity of Access Control

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records